（2023年12月27日）

建設(she)美麗中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)是全(quan)面(mian)建設(she)社會主義現(xian)代化國(guo)(guo)家的(de)重(zhong)要目標，是實現(xian)中(zhong)華(hua)民族偉大復興中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)夢的(de)重(zhong)要內(nei)容(rong)。為全(quan)面(mian)推進(jin)美麗中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)建設(she)，加快推進(jin)人與自(zi)然和諧共生的(de)現(xian)代化，現(xian)提出如下意見。

一、新時代新征程開啟全面推進美麗中國建設新篇章

黨(dang)的(de)十八大以(yi)來，以(yi)習近(jin)平(ping)同(tong)志為核(he)心的(de)黨(dang)中(zhong)(zhong)央把生態文明(ming)建設(she)擺在全局工作的(de)突出位(wei)置，全方位(wei)、全地域(yu)、全過程加強生態環(huan)境(jing)保護，實(shi)現了(le)由(you)重(zhong)點整治(zhi)到(dao)(dao)系統治(zhi)理(li)(li)、由(you)被動應對到(dao)(dao)主動作為、由(you)全球環(huan)境(jing)治(zhi)理(li)(li)參與者到(dao)(dao)引領者、由(you)實(shi)踐探索到(dao)(dao)科學理(li)(li)論指導的(de)重(zhong)大轉變，美麗中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)建設(she)邁出重(zhong)大步伐(fa)。

當前，我國(guo)(guo)(guo)經濟(ji)社會發(fa)展已進入加快(kuai)綠(lv)色(se)化(hua)(hua)、低碳(tan)化(hua)(hua)的(de)高質量發(fa)展階段(duan)，生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)文(wen)(wen)明建(jian)設(she)仍處于(yu)壓(ya)力(li)疊加、負(fu)重(zhong)前行的(de)關鍵期，生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環境保護結構(gou)性、根(gen)源性、趨(qu)勢(shi)性壓(ya)力(li)尚(shang)未根(gen)本(ben)緩解，經濟(ji)社會發(fa)展綠(lv)色(se)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)型內生(sheng)(sheng)動力(li)不足(zu)，生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環境質量穩(wen)中(zhong)向(xiang)好(hao)的(de)基礎(chu)還不牢(lao)固，部分區域生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)系統退化(hua)(hua)趨(qu)勢(shi)尚(shang)未根(gen)本(ben)扭轉(zhuan)(zhuan)，美麗中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)建(jian)設(she)任務(wu)依然艱(jian)巨。新征程上(shang)，必須把美麗中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)建(jian)設(she)擺(bai)在(zai)強(qiang)國(guo)(guo)(guo)建(jian)設(she)、民族復興的(de)突(tu)出位置，保持加強(qiang)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)文(wen)(wen)明建(jian)設(she)的(de)戰略定(ding)力(li)，堅定(ding)不移(yi)走生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)發(fa)展、生(sheng)(sheng)活富裕(yu)、生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)良(liang)好(hao)的(de)文(wen)(wen)明發(fa)展道(dao)路，建(jian)設(she)天藍、地綠(lv)、水(shui)清的(de)美好(hao)家園。

二、總體要求

全面推進美麗中國(guo)建(jian)設，要堅(jian)持以(yi)(yi)習(xi)(xi)近平(ping)(ping)新(xin)時代中國(guo)特(te)色社(she)會(hui)主義思想特(te)別是習(xi)(xi)近平(ping)(ping)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)文(wen)明(ming)(ming)思想為(wei)指導，深入貫徹黨的(de)二十大精神，落實全國(guo)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)境保護大會(hui)部署，牢固(gu)樹立和(he)踐行(xing)綠(lv)水青山就(jiu)是金山銀(yin)山的(de)理念，處理好(hao)高(gao)質(zhi)量發(fa)展(zhan)和(he)高(gao)水平(ping)(ping)保護、重點攻堅(jian)和(he)協同治理、自(zi)然(ran)恢復(fu)和(he)人(ren)工修(xiu)復(fu)、外部約束(shu)和(he)內生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)動力、“雙碳”承(cheng)諾和(he)自(zi)主行(xing)動的(de)關系，統籌產業結構調整(zheng)、污染治理、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)保護、應對氣(qi)候(hou)變化，協同推進降碳、減污、擴綠(lv)、增長，維護國(guo)家生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)安(an)全，抓好(hao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)文(wen)明(ming)(ming)制度建(jian)設，以(yi)(yi)高(gao)品(pin)質(zhi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)境支撐(cheng)高(gao)質(zhi)量發(fa)展(zhan)，加快形成以(yi)(yi)實現(xian)人(ren)與自(zi)然(ran)和(he)諧共生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)現(xian)代化為(wei)導向的(de)美麗中國(guo)建(jian)設新(xin)格局，筑牢中華民族偉大復(fu)興的(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)根基。

主(zhu)(zhu)要目(mu)標是：到(dao)2027年，綠(lv)色低(di)碳發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)深入推進，主(zhu)(zhu)要污染(ran)物排放總量持(chi)續減少(shao)，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環境(jing)(jing)(jing)質量持(chi)續提(ti)升，國(guo)土(tu)空間開發(fa)(fa)保護格(ge)局得到(dao)優(you)化，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)系(xi)統服務功能(neng)不斷(duan)增強(qiang)，城鄉(xiang)人居環境(jing)(jing)(jing)明顯改(gai)善(shan)，國(guo)家生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)安(an)全有效保障(zhang)，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環境(jing)(jing)(jing)治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)(li)體(ti)系(xi)更(geng)加健(jian)全，形成(cheng)(cheng)一批(pi)實(shi)(shi)踐樣板，美(mei)麗(li)中國(guo)建設成(cheng)(cheng)效顯著(zhu)。到(dao)2035年，廣泛形成(cheng)(cheng)綠(lv)色生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)(huo)方(fang)(fang)式，碳排放達峰后穩中有降(jiang)，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環境(jing)(jing)(jing)根(gen)本好轉，國(guo)土(tu)空間開發(fa)(fa)保護新格(ge)局全面形成(cheng)(cheng)，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)系(xi)統多(duo)樣性穩定(ding)性持(chi)續性顯著(zhu)提(ti)升，國(guo)家生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)安(an)全更(geng)加穩固，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環境(jing)(jing)(jing)治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)(li)體(ti)系(xi)和(he)治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)(li)能(neng)力現(xian)(xian)代(dai)化基(ji)本實(shi)(shi)現(xian)(xian)，美(mei)麗(li)中國(guo)目(mu)標基(ji)本實(shi)(shi)現(xian)(xian)。展(zhan)(zhan)望本世紀(ji)中葉，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)文(wen)明全面提(ti)升，綠(lv)色發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)方(fang)(fang)式和(he)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)(huo)方(fang)(fang)式全面形成(cheng)(cheng)，重(zhong)點領域實(shi)(shi)現(xian)(xian)深度脫碳，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環境(jing)(jing)(jing)健(jian)康優(you)美(mei)，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環境(jing)(jing)(jing)治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)(li)體(ti)系(xi)和(he)治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)(li)能(neng)力現(xian)(xian)代(dai)化全面實(shi)(shi)現(xian)(xian)，美(mei)麗(li)中國(guo)全面建成(cheng)(cheng)。

錨(mao)定美麗(li)中國(guo)建設目標，堅(jian)持精(jing)準治污(wu)、科學治污(wu)、依(yi)法治污(wu)，根據經濟社會高質量(liang)發展的新需(xu)求、人民群眾(zhong)對生態環境(jing)改(gai)善的新期待，加大(da)對突出生態環境(jing)問題集中解決(jue)力度(du)，加快推(tui)動生態環境(jing)質量(liang)改(gai)善從量(liang)變到(dao)質變。“十(shi)(shi)四五”深入攻(gong)堅(jian)，實現生態環境(jing)持續改(gai)善；“十(shi)(shi)五五”鞏固拓(tuo)展，實現生態環境(jing)全面改(gai)善；“十(shi)(shi)六五”整(zheng)體提升，實現生態環境(jing)根本好(hao)轉。要(yao)堅(jian)持做(zuo)到(dao)：

——全領域轉(zhuan)型。大力推動(dong)經濟社會(hui)發展綠色化(hua)、低碳(tan)化(hua)，加(jia)快(kuai)能(neng)源、工業、交(jiao)通運輸、城鄉建設(she)、農業等領域綠色低碳(tan)轉(zhuan)型，加(jia)強綠色科技創新，增強美(mei)麗(li)中國建設(she)的內生動(dong)力、創新活(huo)力。

——全方位提升。堅持要(yao)素統籌和城鄉融(rong)合，一(yi)體開展“美(mei)(mei)麗(li)系列”建設工作(zuo)，重點推進美(mei)(mei)麗(li)藍天、美(mei)(mei)麗(li)河湖、美(mei)(mei)麗(li)海(hai)灣(wan)、美(mei)(mei)麗(li)山(shan)川建設，打造美(mei)(mei)麗(li)中(zhong)國先行區、美(mei)(mei)麗(li)城市(shi)、美(mei)(mei)麗(li)鄉村(cun)，繪(hui)就各(ge)美(mei)(mei)其美(mei)(mei)、美(mei)(mei)美(mei)(mei)與共的美(mei)(mei)麗(li)中(zhong)國新畫卷。

——全地域建設(she)。因地制(zhi)宜、梯(ti)次推進(jin)美(mei)麗(li)中國(guo)建設(she)全域覆蓋，展現大美(mei)西部(bu)(bu)壯美(mei)風(feng)(feng)貌、亮麗(li)東北遼闊(kuo)風(feng)(feng)光、美(mei)麗(li)中部(bu)(bu)錦繡山河、和諧東部(bu)(bu)秀美(mei)風(feng)(feng)韻，塑造各具特色、多姿多彩(cai)的美(mei)麗(li)中國(guo)建設(she)板塊。

——全(quan)社(she)會行動。把建設美麗中國(guo)轉化為全(quan)體人(ren)民行為自覺，鼓勵園區、企業、社(she)區、學校等基層單位開(kai)展綠色、清潔、零碳引領(ling)行動，形成人(ren)人(ren)參與、人(ren)人(ren)共(gong)享的良好社(she)會氛圍(wei)。

三、加快發展方式綠色轉型

（一）優化(hua)(hua)國土空(kong)間(jian)(jian)開(kai)發保(bao)(bao)護(hu)格局。健(jian)全主(zhu)體(ti)功(gong)能(neng)區(qu)制度，完(wan)善國土空(kong)間(jian)(jian)規劃(hua)體(ti)系，統籌優化(hua)(hua)農業、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態、城(cheng)鎮(zhen)(zhen)等(deng)各類(lei)空(kong)間(jian)(jian)布局。堅守(shou)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態保(bao)(bao)護(hu)紅(hong)線(xian)(xian)，強(qiang)化(hua)(hua)執法監管(guan)和保(bao)(bao)護(hu)修復，使全國生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態保(bao)(bao)護(hu)紅(hong)線(xian)(xian)面積(ji)保(bao)(bao)持在315萬平(ping)方(fang)公里以上。堅決(jue)守(shou)住18億畝耕地紅(hong)線(xian)(xian)，確保(bao)(bao)可以長期穩定利用的耕地不再減少。嚴格管(guan)控城(cheng)鎮(zhen)(zhen)開(kai)發邊界，推動(dong)城(cheng)鎮(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)間(jian)(jian)內涵式集約化(hua)(hua)綠色發展。嚴格河湖水域(yu)岸(an)(an)線(xian)(xian)空(kong)間(jian)(jian)管(guan)控。加強(qiang)海(hai)洋和海(hai)岸(an)(an)帶國土空(kong)間(jian)(jian)管(guan)控，建(jian)立(li)低效用海(hai)退(tui)出機制，除國家重大項目外，不再新增圍填(tian)海(hai)。完(wan)善全域(yu)覆蓋的生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態環境分區(qu)管(guan)控體(ti)系，為發展“明底線(xian)(xian)”、“劃(hua)邊框”。到(dao)2035年，大陸自(zi)然岸(an)(an)線(xian)(xian)保(bao)(bao)有率(lv)不低于35%，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態保(bao)(bao)護(hu)紅(hong)線(xian)(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態功(gong)能(neng)不降低、性質不改(gai)變。

（二(er)(er)）積極穩妥(tuo)推(tui)進碳(tan)達(da)峰碳(tan)中和(he)。有(you)計劃分步驟實(shi)施碳(tan)達(da)峰行(xing)動，力(li)(li)爭2030年(nian)前實(shi)現碳(tan)達(da)峰，為努力(li)(li)爭取2060年(nian)前實(shi)現碳(tan)中和(he)奠定(ding)基(ji)礎。堅持先立后(hou)破，加(jia)(jia)(jia)快(kuai)(kuai)規劃建(jian)設新型能源(yuan)(yuan)體系(xi)，確保(bao)能源(yuan)(yuan)安全。重點控(kong)制煤(mei)炭(tan)等化(hua)石能源(yuan)(yuan)消(xiao)費，加(jia)(jia)(jia)強煤(mei)炭(tan)清(qing)(qing)潔(jie)高(gao)(gao)效利用，大力(li)(li)發展非化(hua)石能源(yuan)(yuan)，加(jia)(jia)(jia)快(kuai)(kuai)構建(jian)新型電(dian)力(li)(li)系(xi)統。開展多領域(yu)多層次減(jian)污降碳(tan)協(xie)同(tong)創新試點。推(tui)動能耗雙(shuang)控(kong)逐步轉向碳(tan)排放總量(liang)和(he)強度雙(shuang)控(kong)，加(jia)(jia)(jia)強碳(tan)排放雙(shuang)控(kong)基(ji)礎能力(li)(li)和(he)制度建(jian)設。逐年(nian)編制國家(jia)溫室(shi)(shi)氣體清(qing)(qing)單。實(shi)施甲烷排放控(kong)制行(xing)動方案，研(yan)究制定(ding)其他(ta)非二(er)(er)氧化(hua)碳(tan)溫室(shi)(shi)氣體排放控(kong)制行(xing)動方案。進一步發展全國碳(tan)市場(chang)，穩步擴(kuo)大行(xing)業覆蓋(gai)范圍，豐富交(jiao)易品種和(he)方式，建(jian)設完善全國溫室(shi)(shi)氣體自愿減(jian)排交(jiao)易市場(chang)。到2035年(nian)，非化(hua)石能源(yuan)(yuan)占能源(yuan)(yuan)消(xiao)費總量(liang)比重進一步提(ti)高(gao)(gao)，建(jian)成更加(jia)(jia)(jia)有(you)效、更有(you)活力(li)(li)、更具國際影響力(li)(li)的碳(tan)市場(chang)。

（三）統(tong)籌推(tui)(tui)進重點領域綠(lv)色低碳(tan)(tan)(tan)發(fa)展(zhan)。推(tui)(tui)進產(chan)業數字化(hua)、智(zhi)能(neng)化(hua)同綠(lv)色化(hua)深度融合，加快(kuai)(kuai)建設以實體經濟為(wei)支撐的現代化(hua)產(chan)業體系，大力發(fa)展(zhan)戰略(lve)性新興產(chan)業、高技術產(chan)業、綠(lv)色環(huan)保(bao)產(chan)業、現代服務業。嚴把準入關口(kou)，堅決遏制高耗(hao)能(neng)、高排(pai)放、低水平(ping)項目盲目上馬。大力推(tui)(tui)進傳統(tong)產(chan)業工藝(yi)、技術、裝(zhuang)備升(sheng)級，實現綠(lv)色低碳(tan)(tan)(tan)轉型，實施清(qing)潔(jie)生產(chan)水平(ping)提升(sheng)工程。加快(kuai)(kuai)既有建筑和市(shi)政基(ji)礎設施節能(neng)降(jiang)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)改造(zao)，推(tui)(tui)動超(chao)低能(neng)耗(hao)、低碳(tan)(tan)(tan)建筑規模化(hua)發(fa)展(zhan)。大力推(tui)(tui)進“公轉鐵(tie)”、“公轉水”，加快(kuai)(kuai)鐵(tie)路專(zhuan)用(yong)線建設，提升(sheng)大宗貨物(wu)清(qing)潔(jie)化(hua)運(yun)輸水平(ping)。推(tui)(tui)進鐵(tie)路場站、民用(yong)機場、港口(kou)碼頭、物(wu)流園區等綠(lv)色化(hua)改造(zao)和鐵(tie)路電(dian)氣化(hua)改造(zao)，推(tui)(tui)動超(chao)低和近零排(pai)放車(che)輛規模化(hua)應用(yong)、非道路移(yi)動機械(xie)清(qing)潔(jie)低碳(tan)(tan)(tan)應用(yong)。到(dao)2027年(nian)(nian)，新增(zeng)(zeng)汽(qi)車(che)中新能(neng)源汽(qi)車(che)占(zhan)比(bi)力爭達(da)到(dao)45%，老舊內燃(ran)機車(che)基(ji)本淘汰(tai)，港口(kou)集裝(zhuang)箱(xiang)鐵(tie)水聯(lian)運(yun)量保(bao)持(chi)較快(kuai)(kuai)增(zeng)(zeng)長；到(dao)2035年(nian)(nian)，鐵(tie)路貨運(yun)周轉量占(zhan)總(zong)周轉量比(bi)例(li)達(da)到(dao)25%左右。

（四）推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)動(dong)各類資(zi)(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)節(jie)(jie)約集(ji)約利(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。實(shi)施全面(mian)節(jie)(jie)約戰略，推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)進(jin)節(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)、節(jie)(jie)水(shui)、節(jie)(jie)地、節(jie)(jie)材、節(jie)(jie)礦。持續(xu)深(shen)化(hua)重點領(ling)域節(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)，加強(qiang)新(xin)型(xing)基(ji)礎設(she)施用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)能(neng)(neng)管(guan)理。深(shen)入實(shi)施國家節(jie)(jie)水(shui)行動(dong)，強(qiang)化(hua)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)總量和(he)(he)強(qiang)度雙控(kong)，提升重點用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)行業、產品用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)效率(lv)(lv)，積(ji)極推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)動(dong)污水(shui)資(zi)(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)化(hua)利(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，加強(qiang)非常規水(shui)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)配置利(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。健全節(jie)(jie)約集(ji)約利(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)土地制(zhi)度，推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)廣節(jie)(jie)地技術和(he)(he)模式(shi)。建(jian)立綠(lv)色制(zhi)造體系和(he)(he)服務體系。開展資(zi)(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)綜合利(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)提質增效行動(dong)。加快(kuai)構建(jian)廢棄(qi)物循環(huan)利(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)體系，促進(jin)廢舊風機葉(xie)片、光伏組件、動(dong)力電池、快(kuai)遞(di)包裝(zhuang)等(deng)廢棄(qi)物循環(huan)利(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)進(jin)原材料(liao)節(jie)(jie)約和(he)(he)資(zi)(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)循環(huan)利(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，大力發展再制(zhi)造產業。全面(mian)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)進(jin)綠(lv)色礦山建(jian)設(she)。到2035年，能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)和(he)(he)水(shui)資(zi)(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)利(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)效率(lv)(lv)達到國際(ji)先進(jin)水(shui)平(ping)。

四、持續深入推進污染防治攻堅

（五(wu)）持續(xu)深入打(da)好(hao)藍天(tian)保(bao)衛戰(zhan)(zhan)。以京津冀(ji)及(ji)周邊(bian)、長三(san)角、汾(fen)渭平原(yuan)等(deng)重(zhong)點區(qu)(qu)域為主戰(zhan)(zhan)場，以細顆(ke)粒(li)物控制(zhi)為主線，大(da)力(li)推進(jin)多污(wu)染物協同減排(pai)(pai)。強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)化(hua)(hua)揮發性(xing)有(you)機物綜合治理，實(shi)(shi)施(shi)源頭替代(dai)工程。高(gao)質(zhi)量(liang)推進(jin)鋼鐵、水泥、焦化(hua)(hua)等(deng)重(zhong)點行業(ye)及(ji)燃(ran)煤鍋爐超(chao)低排(pai)(pai)放(fang)改(gai)造(zao)。因地制(zhi)宜(yi)采取清(qing)潔能(neng)源、集(ji)中供熱替代(dai)等(deng)措施(shi)，繼續(xu)推進(jin)散煤、燃(ran)煤鍋爐、工業(ye)爐窯污(wu)染治理。重(zhong)點區(qu)(qu)域持續(xu)實(shi)(shi)施(shi)煤炭消(xiao)費總量(liang)控制(zhi)。研(yan)究制(zhi)定下(xia)一階(jie)段(duan)機動(dong)車排(pai)(pai)放(fang)標準，開展新(xin)階(jie)段(duan)油品質(zhi)量(liang)標準研(yan)究，強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)化(hua)(hua)部門聯合監管執(zhi)法。加(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)區(qu)(qu)域聯防聯控，深化(hua)(hua)重(zhong)污(wu)染天(tian)氣重(zhong)點行業(ye)績效分級。持續(xu)實(shi)(shi)施(shi)噪聲污(wu)染防治行動(dong)。著(zhu)力(li)解決惡臭(chou)、餐飲油煙(yan)等(deng)污(wu)染問題。加(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)消(xiao)耗臭(chou)氧(yang)層(ceng)物質(zhi)和(he)氫(qing)氟碳化(hua)(hua)物環境管理。到2027年(nian)(nian)，全國細顆(ke)粒(li)物平均濃(nong)度下(xia)降到28微(wei)克/立(li)方米(mi)以下(xia)，各地級及(ji)以上城(cheng)市力(li)爭達(da)標；到2035年(nian)(nian)，全國細顆(ke)粒(li)物濃(nong)度下(xia)降到25微(wei)克/立(li)方米(mi)以下(xia)，實(shi)(shi)現(xian)空氣常新(xin)、藍天(tian)常在(zai)。

（六）持續(xu)深(shen)(shen)入(ru)打(da)好碧水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)保衛戰。統(tong)籌(chou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)環境(jing)(jing)、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)，深(shen)(shen)入(ru)推(tui)(tui)進(jin)長(chang)江、黃(huang)河(he)等大江大河(he)和重要湖(hu)泊保護(hu)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)，優(you)化(hua)調整(zheng)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)功(gong)能區劃及管(guan)理(li)制度。扎實推(tui)(tui)進(jin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)(yuan)地(di)(di)規(gui)范化(hua)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)和備用(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)(yuan)地(di)(di)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)。基(ji)(ji)本(ben)(ben)完(wan)成入(ru)河(he)入(ru)海(hai)排(pai)污(wu)口(kou)排(pai)查整(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，全(quan)面建(jian)(jian)(jian)成排(pai)污(wu)口(kou)監測監管(guan)體(ti)系(xi)。推(tui)(tui)行重點(dian)行業企(qi)業污(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)與排(pai)放(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)績效分(fen)(fen)級。加(jia)快補齊城(cheng)(cheng)鎮污(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)收(shou)集和處(chu)理(li)設(she)施短板，建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)城(cheng)(cheng)市污(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)管(guan)網全(quan)覆蓋樣板區，加(jia)強污(wu)泥無害化(hua)處(chu)理(li)和資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)化(hua)利用(yong)，建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)污(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)處(chu)理(li)綠色低碳(tan)標桿廠(chang)。因地(di)(di)制宜開(kai)展內源(yuan)(yuan)污(wu)染(ran)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)和生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)修復(fu)，基(ji)(ji)本(ben)(ben)消除城(cheng)(cheng)鄉黑臭(chou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)體(ti)并形成長(chang)效機制。建(jian)(jian)(jian)立(li)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)考核機制，加(jia)強水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)(yuan)涵養區和生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)緩沖帶(dai)保護(hu)修復(fu)，強化(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)統(tong)一調度，保障河(he)湖(hu)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)流(liu)量。堅持陸海(hai)統(tong)籌(chou)、河(he)海(hai)聯(lian)動(dong)，持續(xu)推(tui)(tui)進(jin)重點(dian)海(hai)域綜合治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)。以海(hai)灣(wan)為基(ji)(ji)本(ben)(ben)單元，“一灣(wan)一策(ce)”協(xie)同推(tui)(tui)進(jin)近(jin)岸(an)(an)海(hai)域污(wu)染(ran)防治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)保護(hu)修復(fu)和岸(an)(an)灘環境(jing)(jing)整(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，不斷提升(sheng)紅(hong)樹(shu)林(lin)等重要海(hai)洋生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)系(xi)統(tong)質量和穩定(ding)性。加(jia)強海(hai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)養殖環境(jing)(jing)整(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。積極(ji)應對(dui)藍藻水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)華、赤潮綠潮等生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)災害。推(tui)(tui)進(jin)江河(he)湖(hu)庫清漂和海(hai)洋垃圾治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)。到(dao)(dao)2027年，全(quan)國(guo)地(di)(di)表水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質、近(jin)岸(an)(an)海(hai)域水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質優(you)良比例(li)分(fen)(fen)別達到(dao)(dao)90%、83%左右，美(mei)麗河(he)湖(hu)、美(mei)麗海(hai)灣(wan)建(jian)(jian)(jian)成率(lv)達到(dao)(dao)40%左右；到(dao)(dao)2035年，“人水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)和諧”美(mei)麗河(he)湖(hu)、美(mei)麗海(hai)灣(wan)基(ji)(ji)本(ben)(ben)建(jian)(jian)(jian)成。

（七）持續深入打好凈(jing)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)保(bao)(bao)衛戰。開展(zhan)(zhan)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)(ran)源(yuan)頭防控(kong)行(xing)動，嚴(yan)防新增污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)(ran)，逐(zhu)步(bu)解決長期積(ji)累(lei)的(de)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)和(he)(he)(he)地(di)下水嚴(yan)重污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)(ran)問題。強化(hua)優先(xian)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)類(lei)耕(geng)地(di)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)，扎(zha)實推(tui)進(jin)受污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)(ran)耕(geng)地(di)安全(quan)利用(yong)和(he)(he)(he)風險(xian)管(guan)控(kong)，分階段推(tui)進(jin)農用(yong)地(di)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)重金屬(shu)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)(ran)溯源(yuan)和(he)(he)(he)整治全(quan)覆蓋。依法加強建設用(yong)地(di)用(yong)途變更(geng)和(he)(he)(he)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)(ran)地(di)塊風險(xian)管(guan)控(kong)的(de)聯動監管(guan)，推(tui)動大型(xing)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)(ran)場地(di)風險(xian)管(guan)控(kong)和(he)(he)(he)修復。全(quan)面開展(zhan)(zhan)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)(ran)重點監管(guan)單位(wei)(wei)周邊土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)和(he)(he)(he)地(di)下水環(huan)(huan)境(jing)監測，適時開展(zhan)(zhan)第二次全(quan)國土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)(ran)狀況普查。開展(zhan)(zhan)全(quan)國地(di)下水污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)(ran)調查評價，強化(hua)地(di)下水型(xing)飲用(yong)水水源(yuan)地(di)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)，嚴(yan)控(kong)地(di)下水污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)(ran)防治重點區環(huan)(huan)境(jing)風險(xian)。深入打好農業農村(cun)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)(ran)治理攻堅戰。到(dao)2027年(nian)，受污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)(ran)耕(geng)地(di)安全(quan)利用(yong)率達(da)到(dao)94%以上，建設用(yong)地(di)安全(quan)利用(yong)得(de)到(dao)有(you)效保(bao)(bao)障；到(dao)2035年(nian)，地(di)下水國控(kong)點位(wei)(wei)Ⅰ－Ⅳ類(lei)水比例達(da)到(dao)80%以上，土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)風險(xian)得(de)到(dao)全(quan)面管(guan)控(kong)。

（八(ba)）強化(hua)固(gu)(gu)體(ti)廢(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)和(he)新(xin)(xin)污(wu)染(ran)(ran)(ran)物(wu)(wu)(wu)治(zhi)理。加(jia)快“無(wu)廢(fei)(fei)城市”建(jian)設(she)，持續(xu)推(tui)進新(xin)(xin)污(wu)染(ran)(ran)(ran)物(wu)(wu)(wu)治(zhi)理行(xing)動(dong)，推(tui)動(dong)實現城鄉“無(wu)廢(fei)(fei)”、環境(jing)健康。加(jia)強固(gu)(gu)體(ti)廢(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)綜合治(zhi)理，限制(zhi)(zhi)商品過(guo)度包裝，全(quan)鏈條治(zhi)理塑料污(wu)染(ran)(ran)(ran)。深(shen)化(hua)全(quan)面禁止“洋垃圾(ji)”入境(jing)工作，嚴(yan)防各種形式固(gu)(gu)體(ti)廢(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)走私(si)和(he)變相進口(kou)。強化(hua)危險(xian)廢(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)監管和(he)利用處置能力(li)，以長(chang)江(jiang)經濟帶、黃(huang)河流(liu)域等為重點加(jia)強尾礦庫污(wu)染(ran)(ran)(ran)治(zhi)理。制(zhi)(zhi)定有(you)毒有(you)害化(hua)學物(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)環境(jing)風(feng)險(xian)管理法(fa)規。到2027年，“無(wu)廢(fei)(fei)城市”建(jian)設(she)比例達到60%，固(gu)(gu)體(ti)廢(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)產生強度明顯(xian)下降；到2035年，“無(wu)廢(fei)(fei)城市”建(jian)設(she)實現全(quan)覆(fu)蓋，東部省(sheng)份(fen)率先全(quan)域建(jian)成(cheng)“無(wu)廢(fei)(fei)城市”，新(xin)(xin)污(wu)染(ran)(ran)(ran)物(wu)(wu)(wu)環境(jing)風(feng)險(xian)得到有(you)效管控。

五、提升生態系統多樣性穩定性持續性

（九）筑牢自(zi)然生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)屏障。穩(wen)固國(guo)家(jia)(jia)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)安全屏障，推進國(guo)家(jia)(jia)重點生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)功(gong)能區、重要生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)廊道保(bao)護(hu)(hu)建(jian)設。全面推進以國(guo)家(jia)(jia)公園(yuan)為主體的自(zi)然保(bao)護(hu)(hu)地(di)體系(xi)建(jian)設，完成全國(guo)自(zi)然保(bao)護(hu)(hu)地(di)整合(he)優化。實施(shi)全國(guo)自(zi)然生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)資(zi)源(yuan)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測評(ping)價預(yu)警工程。加強生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)修復監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)制度建(jian)設，強化統一監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)。嚴格對所有者(zhe)、開發者(zhe)乃至監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)者(zhe)的監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)，及時發現(xian)和查處(chu)各類生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)破(po)壞事件，堅決杜絕(jue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)修復中的形式(shi)主義。加強生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)狀況(kuang)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測評(ping)估，開展生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)修復成效評(ping)估。持續推進“綠盾”自(zi)然保(bao)護(hu)(hu)地(di)強化監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督，建(jian)立生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)紅線生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)破(po)壞問題監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督機(ji)制。到2035年，國(guo)家(jia)(jia)公園(yuan)體系(xi)基(ji)本(ben)建(jian)成，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)系(xi)統格局更加穩(wen)定，展現(xian)美麗山川(chuan)勃(bo)勃(bo)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)機(ji)。

（十）實施山水(shui)(shui)(shui)林(lin)田(tian)湖(hu)草沙(sha)(sha)一(yi)體(ti)化(hua)保(bao)護和系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)治理(li)。加(jia)快實施重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)生態(tai)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)保(bao)護和修(xiu)復重(zhong)(zhong)大工程(cheng)(cheng)，推(tui)行(xing)草原(yuan)森林(lin)河流湖(hu)泊濕(shi)地休養(yang)生息(xi)。繼續實施山水(shui)(shui)(shui)林(lin)田(tian)湖(hu)草沙(sha)(sha)一(yi)體(ti)化(hua)保(bao)護和修(xiu)復工程(cheng)(cheng)。科(ke)學開展大規模(mo)國土綠化(hua)行(xing)動，加(jia)大草原(yuan)和濕(shi)地保(bao)護修(xiu)復力度，加(jia)強(qiang)荒漠化(hua)、石(shi)漠化(hua)和水(shui)(shui)(shui)土流失綜合(he)治理(li)，全(quan)面實施森林(lin)可持續經(jing)營，加(jia)強(qiang)森林(lin)草原(yuan)防滅火(huo)。聚焦影響北京(jing)等重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)地區的沙(sha)(sha)源地及傳輸路徑，持續推(tui)進(jin)“三(san)北”工程(cheng)(cheng)建設和京(jing)津風沙(sha)(sha)源治理(li)，全(quan)力打好三(san)大標志性戰(zhan)役。推(tui)進(jin)生態(tai)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)碳(tan)匯能力鞏固提(ti)升行(xing)動。到2035年，全(quan)國森林(lin)覆(fu)蓋率提(ti)高至(zhi)(zhi)26%，水(shui)(shui)(shui)土保(bao)持率提(ti)高至(zhi)(zhi)75%，生態(tai)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)基本實現良性循環。

（十一）加(jia)強生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)多(duo)樣(yang)性保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)。強化生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)多(duo)樣(yang)性保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)工作協調機制(zhi)的(de)統(tong)籌(chou)協調作用，落實(shi)(shi)“昆明－蒙特利爾全(quan)(quan)球生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)多(duo)樣(yang)性框架”，更新中國生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)多(duo)樣(yang)性保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)戰略與行動(dong)(dong)(dong)計劃，實(shi)(shi)施(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)多(duo)樣(yang)性保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)重大工程。健全(quan)(quan)全(quan)(quan)國生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)多(duo)樣(yang)性保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)網(wang)絡，全(quan)(quan)面(mian)(mian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)野生(sheng)(sheng)動(dong)(dong)(dong)植物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)，逐步(bu)建立(li)國家植物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)園體系。深入推進(jin)長江(jiang)珍稀瀕危物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)拯救行動(dong)(dong)(dong)，繼續(xu)抓好長江(jiang)十年(nian)禁漁措施(shi)落實(shi)(shi)。全(quan)(quan)面(mian)(mian)實(shi)(shi)施(shi)海(hai)洋伏季(ji)休漁制(zhi)度，建設現(xian)代海(hai)洋牧場。到(dao)2035年(nian)，全(quan)(quan)國自然保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)地陸(lu)(lu)域面(mian)(mian)積(ji)占陸(lu)(lu)域國土面(mian)(mian)積(ji)比(bi)例不低于(yu)18%，典型生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)系統(tong)、國家重點保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)野生(sheng)(sheng)動(dong)(dong)(dong)植物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)及其棲息地得到(dao)全(quan)(quan)面(mian)(mian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)。

六、守牢美麗中國建設安全底線

（十(shi)二）健全(quan)國(guo)家(jia)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態安(an)(an)全(quan)體系。貫徹(che)總(zong)體國(guo)家(jia)安(an)(an)全(quan)觀，完善國(guo)家(jia)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態安(an)(an)全(quan)工作協(xie)調機制(zhi)，加強(qiang)與經濟安(an)(an)全(quan)、資源安(an)(an)全(quan)等領域(yu)協(xie)作，健全(quan)國(guo)家(jia)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態安(an)(an)全(quan)法治體系、戰略體系、政策(ce)體系、應(ying)(ying)對管理體系，提升國(guo)家(jia)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態安(an)(an)全(quan)風(feng)險研判評估、監測(ce)預(yu)警、應(ying)(ying)急應(ying)(ying)對和處置能力，形成全(quan)域(yu)聯動、立體高(gao)效的國(guo)家(jia)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態安(an)(an)全(quan)防護(hu)體系。

（十三(san)）確保核(he)(he)與(yu)輻(fu)射(she)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)。強化國(guo)家核(he)(he)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)工作協調機制統籌(chou)作用，構建嚴密(mi)的(de)核(he)(he)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)責任(ren)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)，全(quan)(quan)(quan)面提(ti)高核(he)(he)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)監管(guan)(guan)能力(li)，建設(she)與(yu)我國(guo)核(he)(he)事業發展(zhan)相(xiang)適應的(de)現代化核(he)(he)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)監管(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)，推動核(he)(he)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)高質量發展(zhan)。強化首堆新(xin)堆安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)管(guan)(guan)理(li)，定期開展(zhan)運行設(she)施(shi)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)評價并持(chi)續實(shi)施(shi)改進，加(jia)(jia)快老舊設(she)施(shi)退(tui)役(yi)治理(li)和(he)(he)歷史遺留放射(she)性(xing)(xing)廢物處(chu)理(li)處(chu)置，加(jia)(jia)強核(he)(he)技(ji)術利用安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)管(guan)(guan)理(li)和(he)(he)電磁輻(fu)射(she)環(huan)境管(guan)(guan)理(li)。加(jia)(jia)強我國(guo)管(guan)(guan)轄海域海洋輻(fu)射(she)環(huan)境監測(ce)和(he)(he)研究(jiu)，提(ti)升風險預(yu)警(jing)監測(ce)和(he)(he)應急響(xiang)應能力(li)。堅持(chi)自(zi)主創新(xin)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)發展(zhan)，加(jia)(jia)強核(he)(he)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)領域關鍵性(xing)(xing)、基(ji)礎(chu)性(xing)(xing)科技(ji)研發和(he)(he)智能化安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)管(guan)(guan)理(li)。

（十(shi)四）加(jia)(jia)強生物安(an)全(quan)管理。加(jia)(jia)強生物技術及(ji)其產品的環境風險檢測、識別、評價和監測。強化(hua)全(quan)鏈條防(fang)控和系統治理，健全(quan)生物安(an)全(quan)監管預(yu)警(jing)防(fang)控體系。加(jia)(jia)強有害生物防(fang)治。開展外(wai)來入侵物種(zhong)(zhong)普(pu)查、監測預(yu)警(jing)、影響(xiang)評估，加(jia)(jia)強進(jin)境動植物檢疫和外(wai)來入侵物種(zhong)(zhong)防(fang)控。健全(quan)種(zhong)(zhong)質資(zi)源保(bao)護(hu)與利用(yong)體系，加(jia)(jia)強生物遺傳(chuan)資(zi)源保(bao)護(hu)和管理。

（十五）有效應(ying)(ying)對氣候(hou)(hou)變(bian)化(hua)(hua)不利影響和風險。堅持(chi)減緩(huan)和適(shi)應(ying)(ying)并重，大力提升適(shi)應(ying)(ying)氣候(hou)(hou)變(bian)化(hua)(hua)能(neng)力。加強(qiang)氣候(hou)(hou)變(bian)化(hua)(hua)觀(guan)測網絡建(jian)(jian)設(she)，強(qiang)化(hua)(hua)監測預測預警和影響風險評估。持(chi)續提升農業、健(jian)康(kang)和公共衛生(sheng)等領域(yu)的氣候(hou)(hou)韌性，加強(qiang)基(ji)礎(chu)設(she)施與(yu)重大工(gong)程氣候(hou)(hou)風險管理。深化(hua)(hua)氣候(hou)(hou)適(shi)應(ying)(ying)型城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)建(jian)(jian)設(she)，推進海綿城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)建(jian)(jian)設(she)，強(qiang)化(hua)(hua)區域(yu)適(shi)應(ying)(ying)氣候(hou)(hou)變(bian)化(hua)(hua)行(xing)動。到2035年，氣候(hou)(hou)適(shi)應(ying)(ying)型社(she)會基(ji)本建(jian)(jian)成。

（十(shi)六）嚴密防控環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)風險(xian)(xian)(xian)。堅持預防為(wei)主，加強(qiang)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)風險(xian)(xian)(xian)常態(tai)化(hua)管(guan)理(li)。完善(shan)國(guo)家環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)應急(ji)(ji)體(ti)(ti)制(zhi)機制(zhi)，健(jian)全(quan)分級負(fu)責、屬地為(wei)主、部門(men)協同的環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)應急(ji)(ji)責任(ren)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)，完善(shan)上下游、跨區域(yu)的應急(ji)(ji)聯動機制(zhi)。強(qiang)化(hua)危險(xian)(xian)(xian)廢物、尾礦庫、重金屬等(deng)重點(dian)領域(yu)以及管(guan)轄(xia)海域(yu)、邊境(jing)(jing)地區等(deng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)隱患排查(cha)和(he)風險(xian)(xian)(xian)防控。實施一批環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)應急(ji)(ji)基(ji)礎(chu)能力(li)建設工程，建立健(jian)全(quan)應急(ji)(ji)響應體(ti)(ti)系(xi)和(he)應急(ji)(ji)物資儲備體(ti)(ti)系(xi)，提(ti)升環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)應急(ji)(ji)指揮信(xin)息(xi)化(hua)水平，及時妥善(shan)科學處置各類突(tu)發(fa)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)事件。健(jian)全(quan)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)健(jian)康監測(ce)、調查(cha)和(he)風險(xian)(xian)(xian)評估(gu)制(zhi)度。

七、打造美麗中國建設示范樣板

（十(shi)七）建(jian)設(she)美(mei)麗(li)(li)中國(guo)先(xian)行區(qu)(qu)(qu)。聚焦區(qu)(qu)(qu)域協(xie)調發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)戰略和(he)區(qu)(qu)(qu)域重大戰略，加(jia)強綠(lv)色發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)協(xie)作，打造綠(lv)色發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)高(gao)地(di)。完善京津冀地(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)生態(tai)(tai)環(huan)境協(xie)同保護(hu)機制，加(jia)快(kuai)建(jian)設(she)生態(tai)(tai)環(huan)境修(xiu)復改善示(shi)范區(qu)(qu)(qu)，推動雄(xiong)安新(xin)區(qu)(qu)(qu)建(jian)設(she)綠(lv)色發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)城市典范。在深(shen)(shen)入(ru)實施(shi)長江經(jing)濟(ji)帶發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)戰略中堅持(chi)(chi)共抓大保護(hu)，建(jian)設(she)人與自然和(he)諧共生的綠(lv)色發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)示(shi)范帶。深(shen)(shen)化粵港澳大灣區(qu)(qu)(qu)生態(tai)(tai)環(huan)境領域規(gui)則銜接、機制對接，共建(jian)國(guo)際一(yi)流美(mei)麗(li)(li)灣區(qu)(qu)(qu)。深(shen)(shen)化長三角(jiao)地(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)共保聯治(zhi)和(he)一(yi)體化制度創(chuang)新(xin)，高(gao)水(shui)平建(jian)設(she)美(mei)麗(li)(li)長三角(jiao)。堅持(chi)(chi)以水(shui)定(ding)城、以水(shui)定(ding)地(di)、以水(shui)定(ding)人、以水(shui)定(ding)產，建(jian)設(she)黃河(he)流域生態(tai)(tai)保護(hu)和(he)高(gao)質量(liang)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)先(xian)行區(qu)(qu)(qu)。深(shen)(shen)化國(guo)家生態(tai)(tai)文明試驗(yan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)建(jian)設(she)。各地(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)立足區(qu)(qu)(qu)域功能定(ding)位，發(fa)(fa)揮自身特色，譜(pu)寫美(mei)麗(li)(li)中國(guo)建(jian)設(she)省域篇章。

（十八）建(jian)設(she)美(mei)麗城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。堅持人(ren)(ren)民城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)民建(jian)、人(ren)(ren)民城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)為人(ren)(ren)民，推進以綠色(se)低碳、環境優美(mei)、生(sheng)(sheng)態宜居、安全健(jian)康、智慧(hui)高效(xiao)為導向的美(mei)麗城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)建(jian)設(she)。提(ti)(ti)(ti)升城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)規劃、建(jian)設(she)、治(zhi)理(li)水平，實施城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)更(geng)新行動，強(qiang)化城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)際、城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)鄉生(sheng)(sheng)態共(gong)保環境共(gong)治(zhi)。加(jia)快轉變超(chao)大特大城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)發展(zhan)方式，提(ti)(ti)(ti)高大中(zhong)(zhong)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)態環境治(zhi)理(li)效(xiao)能(neng)(neng)，推動中(zhong)(zhong)小城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)和縣城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)環境基(ji)礎設(she)施提(ti)(ti)(ti)級(ji)擴能(neng)(neng)，促進環境公共(gong)服務(wu)能(neng)(neng)力與人(ren)(ren)口、經濟規模(mo)相適(shi)應。開(kai)展(zhan)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)態環境治(zhi)理(li)評估。

（十(shi)九）建設美(mei)麗(li)鄉村(cun)(cun)。因地制宜推(tui)(tui)廣浙江“千萬工程”經(jing)驗，統(tong)籌推(tui)(tui)動鄉村(cun)(cun)生(sheng)態振興和(he)農(nong)村(cun)(cun)人(ren)居環(huan)境整治。加快農(nong)業投入品(pin)減量增效(xiao)技(ji)術集(ji)成(cheng)創新和(he)推(tui)(tui)廣應用，加強農(nong)業廢棄(qi)物資源化(hua)利用和(he)廢舊農(nong)膜分類處置，聚焦(jiao)農(nong)業面源污(wu)染突出(chu)區(qu)域強化(hua)系統(tong)治理。扎實推(tui)(tui)進農(nong)村(cun)(cun)廁所革(ge)命，有(you)效(xiao)治理農(nong)村(cun)(cun)生(sheng)活污(wu)水(shui)、垃(la)圾和(he)黑臭水(shui)體。建立(li)農(nong)村(cun)(cun)生(sheng)態環(huan)境監測(ce)評價制度。科(ke)學推(tui)(tui)進鄉村(cun)(cun)綠化(hua)美(mei)化(hua)，加強傳統(tong)村(cun)(cun)落保護(hu)利用和(he)鄉村(cun)(cun)風貌引導。到(dao)2027年(nian)，美(mei)麗(li)鄉村(cun)(cun)整縣建成(cheng)比例達到(dao)40%；到(dao)2035年(nian)，美(mei)麗(li)鄉村(cun)(cun)基本建成(cheng)。

（二十(shi)）開展創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)示(shi)范。分類施策推(tui)進(jin)美(mei)麗(li)(li)城市建(jian)設(she)，實(shi)(shi)施美(mei)麗(li)(li)鄉村示(shi)范縣建(jian)設(she)行(xing)動，持(chi)續推(tui)廣美(mei)麗(li)(li)河(he)湖、美(mei)麗(li)(li)海灣優秀(xiu)案例。推(tui)動將(jiang)美(mei)麗(li)(li)中國建(jian)設(she)融(rong)入(ru)基層治理創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)。深入(ru)推(tui)進(jin)生態(tai)文明(ming)示(shi)范建(jian)設(she)，推(tui)動“綠水(shui)青山(shan)就是金山(shan)銀山(shan)”實(shi)(shi)踐創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)基地建(jian)設(she)。鼓勵(li)自由(you)貿(mao)易試(shi)驗區綠色創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)。支持(chi)美(mei)麗(li)(li)中國建(jian)設(she)規劃政策等實(shi)(shi)踐創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)。

八、開展美麗中國建設全民行動

（二(er)十一）培育(yu)弘揚生態(tai)(tai)文(wen)(wen)化。健(jian)全(quan)以生態(tai)(tai)價值觀念為準則的生態(tai)(tai)文(wen)(wen)化體(ti)系，培育(yu)生態(tai)(tai)文(wen)(wen)明主流價值觀，加快形成全(quan)民生態(tai)(tai)自覺。挖掘(jue)中華優秀傳統生態(tai)(tai)文(wen)(wen)化思想和資源，推出一批(pi)生態(tai)(tai)文(wen)(wen)學精(jing)品(pin)力(li)作(zuo)，促進(jin)生態(tai)(tai)文(wen)(wen)化繁榮發展(zhan)。充分利用博物館、展(zhan)覽(lan)館、科教(jiao)館等，宣傳美麗中國建設生動實踐。

（二十二）踐行(xing)綠(lv)色低碳生(sheng)活方式。倡導簡約適(shi)度、綠(lv)色低碳、文明健康的生(sheng)活方式和消(xiao)費(fei)(fei)模式。發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)綠(lv)色旅游。持續(xu)推進“光盤行(xing)動”，堅決制(zhi)止餐飲浪費(fei)(fei)。鼓(gu)勵(li)綠(lv)色出行(xing)，推進城市綠(lv)道網絡建(jian)設(she)，深入(ru)實(shi)施(shi)城市公共交通優(you)先發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)戰略。深入(ru)開展(zhan)(zhan)愛國衛生(sheng)運動。提升垃圾分類管(guan)理(li)水平，推進地級(ji)及以上城市居民小區垃圾分類全覆蓋。構建(jian)綠(lv)色低碳產(chan)品標(biao)(biao)準、認(ren)證、標(biao)(biao)識體系(xi)，探索建(jian)立(li)“碳普惠(hui)”等公眾參與(yu)機制(zhi)。

（二十三）建(jian)立(li)多元參與(yu)行(xing)動體(ti)系。持續開展“美(mei)麗中國，我是(shi)行(xing)動者”系列活動。充分發揮行(xing)業協會商會橋梁紐帶作用(yong)和(he)群團組織廣泛動員作用(yong)，完善公(gong)眾生態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)監督和(he)舉報反饋機制，推進生態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)志(zhi)愿(yuan)服務體(ti)系建(jian)設(she)。深(shen)化環(huan)保(bao)設(she)施開放，向公(gong)眾提供生態(tai)文明宣傳教育服務。

九、健全美麗中國建設保障體系

（二十四）改革完善(shan)(shan)體(ti)(ti)制(zhi)(zhi)機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)。深(shen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)文明體(ti)(ti)制(zhi)(zhi)改革，一(yi)體(ti)(ti)推進(jin)制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)集成、機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)創新。強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)美(mei)麗(li)(li)中國(guo)建設法治(zhi)(zhi)保(bao)障，推動生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)、資(zi)源能源等(deng)領(ling)域(yu)相關法律(lv)制(zhi)(zhi)定修(xiu)訂，推進(jin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)法典編纂，完善(shan)(shan)公益訴訟，加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)領(ling)域(yu)司法保(bao)護(hu)，統籌(chou)推進(jin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)損害(hai)賠償(chang)。加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)行政執法與(yu)司法協同合(he)作，強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)在信(xin)息通報、形勢(shi)會(hui)商、證據調取(qu)、糾紛化(hua)(hua)(hua)解(jie)、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)修(xiu)復(fu)等(deng)方面(mian)銜接配合(he)。構(gou)(gou)建從山頂到海洋的(de)保(bao)護(hu)治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)大格局，實施最嚴格的(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)。完善(shan)(shan)環(huan)(huan)(huan)評源頭預防管(guan)(guan)理(li)體(ti)(ti)系，全面(mian)實行排污許可制(zhi)(zhi)，加(jia)(jia)快構(gou)(gou)建環(huan)(huan)(huan)保(bao)信(xin)用監(jian)管(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)系。深(shen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)信(xin)息依法披露(lu)制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)改革，探索開(kai)展環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)、社(she)會(hui)和公司治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)評價。完善(shan)(shan)自然(ran)(ran)資(zi)源資(zi)產(chan)管(guan)(guan)理(li)制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)體(ti)(ti)系，健(jian)全國(guo)土空間用途管(guan)(guan)制(zhi)(zhi)制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)。強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)河湖長制(zhi)(zhi)、林長制(zhi)(zhi)。深(shen)入推進(jin)領(ling)導干部自然(ran)(ran)資(zi)源資(zi)產(chan)離任審計，對(dui)不顧(gu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)盲目(mu)決策、造成嚴重后果的(de)，依規依紀依法嚴格問(wen)責、終身追責。強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)國(guo)家自然(ran)(ran)資(zi)源督察。充(chong)分發揮生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)部門職能作用，強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)對(dui)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)和環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)的(de)統籌(chou)協調和監(jian)督管(guan)(guan)理(li)。深(shen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)省以下生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)機(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)監(jian)測監(jian)察執法垂直管(guan)(guan)理(li)制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)改革。實施市縣生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)隊伍專(zhuan)業培訓工程。加(jia)(jia)快推進(jin)美(mei)麗(li)(li)中國(guo)建設重點領(ling)域(yu)標準(zhun)(zhun)規范制(zhi)(zhi)定修(xiu)訂，開(kai)展環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)基(ji)準(zhun)(zhun)研(yan)究，適時(shi)修(xiu)訂環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)空氣(qi)質量等(deng)標準(zhun)(zhun)，鼓勵(li)出臺地方性法規標準(zhun)(zhun)。

（二十(shi)五）強化激勵政(zheng)策。健全(quan)資(zi)(zi)源環境要素市(shi)場(chang)化配置(zhi)(zhi)體系，把碳排(pai)放權(quan)(quan)、用(yong)(yong)能權(quan)(quan)、用(yong)(yong)水權(quan)(quan)、排(pai)污(wu)(wu)權(quan)(quan)等(deng)納(na)入(ru)要素市(shi)場(chang)化配置(zhi)(zhi)改革總(zong)盤子。強化稅(shui)收(shou)政(zheng)策支(zhi)(zhi)持(chi)(chi)，嚴格執行(xing)環境保(bao)(bao)(bao)護稅(shui)法(fa)，完善(shan)征(zheng)收(shou)體系，加(jia)快把揮(hui)發性有機(ji)物納(na)入(ru)征(zheng)收(shou)范圍(wei)。加(jia)強清潔生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)審核和評價認(ren)證結果應用(yong)(yong)。綜合(he)考(kao)慮(lv)企業(ye)能耗、環保(bao)(bao)(bao)績效(xiao)(xiao)水平，完善(shan)高耗能行(xing)業(ye)階梯電價制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)。落實污(wu)(wu)水處理(li)(li)收(shou)費(fei)(fei)(fei)政(zheng)策，構建(jian)覆蓋污(wu)(wu)水處理(li)(li)和污(wu)(wu)泥處置(zhi)(zhi)成本并合(he)理(li)(li)盈利的(de)收(shou)費(fei)(fei)(fei)機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)。完善(shan)以(yi)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)綠(lv)(lv)色發展(zhan)為(wei)導(dao)向(xiang)的(de)經濟激勵政(zheng)策，支(zhi)(zhi)持(chi)(chi)化肥農(nong)(nong)藥減(jian)量增效(xiao)(xiao)和整縣推(tui)進(jin)畜禽糞污(wu)(wu)收(shou)集處理(li)(li)利用(yong)(yong)。建(jian)立企業(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環保(bao)(bao)(bao)費(fei)(fei)(fei)用(yong)(yong)提取使用(yong)(yong)制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)。健全(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)產(chan)品(pin)價值實現機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)，推(tui)進(jin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環境導(dao)向(xiang)的(de)開發模式(shi)和投(tou)融(rong)資(zi)(zi)模式(shi)創(chuang)新(xin)。推(tui)進(jin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)綜合(he)補償(chang)，深化橫向(xiang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護補償(chang)機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)建(jian)設。強化財政(zheng)對美(mei)麗中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)建(jian)設支(zhi)(zhi)持(chi)(chi)力(li)度(du)，優化生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)文明建(jian)設領域財政(zheng)資(zi)(zi)源配置(zhi)(zhi)，確(que)保(bao)(bao)(bao)投(tou)入(ru)規模同建(jian)設任(ren)務相匹配。大(da)(da)力(li)發展(zhan)綠(lv)(lv)色金(jin)融(rong)，支(zhi)(zhi)持(chi)(chi)符合(he)條件(jian)的(de)企業(ye)發行(xing)綠(lv)(lv)色債券(quan)，引導(dao)各類(lei)金(jin)融(rong)機(ji)構和社(she)會資(zi)(zi)本加(jia)大(da)(da)投(tou)入(ru)，探索區域性環保(bao)(bao)(bao)建(jian)設項目(mu)金(jin)融(rong)支(zhi)(zhi)持(chi)(chi)模式(shi)，穩步(bu)推(tui)進(jin)氣候投(tou)融(rong)資(zi)(zi)創(chuang)新(xin)，為(wei)美(mei)麗中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)建(jian)設提供(gong)融(rong)資(zi)(zi)支(zhi)(zhi)持(chi)(chi)。

（二十六）加強(qiang)(qiang)科(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)支(zhi)撐。推進(jin)綠色(se)低(di)碳(tan)(tan)科(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)自立自強(qiang)(qiang)，創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)生(sheng)態環境(jing)(jing)(jing)科(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)體(ti)制機制，構(gou)建(jian)市場導向的(de)綠色(se)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)體(ti)系。把(ba)減污降碳(tan)(tan)、多污染(ran)物(wu)協(xie)同減排(pai)、應對氣候(hou)變(bian)化(hua)、生(sheng)物(wu)多樣(yang)性保護、新(xin)污染(ran)物(wu)治理(li)、核安(an)全等(deng)作為國家基礎研(yan)究和(he)科(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)的(de)重(zhong)點領(ling)域(yu)，加強(qiang)(qiang)關鍵核心技(ji)(ji)(ji)術攻關。加強(qiang)(qiang)企業主導的(de)產學研(yan)深度融合(he)，引導企業、高(gao)校、科(ke)(ke)研(yan)單位共建(jian)一批綠色(se)低(di)碳(tan)(tan)產業創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)中(zhong)心，加大高(gao)效綠色(se)環保技(ji)(ji)(ji)術裝(zhuang)備產品供給(gei)。實(shi)施生(sheng)態環境(jing)(jing)(jing)科(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)重(zhong)大行動(dong)，推進(jin)“科(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)2030－京(jing)津冀(ji)環境(jing)(jing)(jing)綜合(he)治理(li)”重(zhong)大項(xiang)目，建(jian)設(she)生(sheng)態環境(jing)(jing)(jing)領(ling)域(yu)大科(ke)(ke)學裝(zhuang)置(zhi)和(he)重(zhong)點實(shi)驗室、工(gong)程(cheng)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術中(zhong)心、科(ke)(ke)學觀測研(yan)究站(zhan)等(deng)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)平臺。加強(qiang)(qiang)生(sheng)態文明領(ling)域(yu)智庫(ku)建(jian)設(she)。支(zhi)持高(gao)校和(he)科(ke)(ke)研(yan)單位加強(qiang)(qiang)環境(jing)(jing)(jing)學科(ke)(ke)建(jian)設(she)。實(shi)施高(gao)層次(ci)生(sheng)態環境(jing)(jing)(jing)科(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)人才(cai)工(gong)程(cheng)，培養造(zao)就一支(zhi)高(gao)水平生(sheng)態環境(jing)(jing)(jing)人才(cai)隊伍。

（二十七）加(jia)快數(shu)(shu)字賦(fu)能(neng)。深化(hua)人(ren)工(gong)智(zhi)能(neng)等數(shu)(shu)字技術(shu)應(ying)用，構建(jian)美麗中國數(shu)(shu)字化(hua)治(zhi)理(li)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)，建(jian)設(she)綠色智(zhi)慧的數(shu)(shu)字生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)文明。實(shi)(shi)施(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)信息(xi)化(hua)工(gong)程，加(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)數(shu)(shu)據資源集(ji)成(cheng)共享和綜(zong)合開(kai)發利(li)用。加(jia)快建(jian)立(li)現代化(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)監(jian)測(ce)(ce)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)，健全天空地海一體(ti)(ti)化(hua)監(jian)測(ce)(ce)網絡，加(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)質量監(jian)督監(jian)測(ce)(ce)，推進生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)衛星載荷研發。加(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)溫室氣體(ti)(ti)、地下(xia)水(shui)、新污染物、噪聲、海洋、輻射、農村環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)等監(jian)測(ce)(ce)能(neng)力建(jian)設(she)，實(shi)(shi)現降碳、減污、擴綠協同監(jian)測(ce)(ce)全覆蓋。提升生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)質量預(yu)測(ce)(ce)預(yu)報水(shui)平。實(shi)(shi)施(shi)國家環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)守法行(xing)動，實(shi)(shi)行(xing)排污單位分類執(zhi)法監(jian)管，大(da)力推行(xing)非現場執(zhi)法，加(jia)快形成(cheng)智(zhi)慧執(zhi)法體(ti)(ti)系(xi)。

（二十八）實施(shi)(shi)重(zhong)(zhong)大工程(cheng)。加(jia)(jia)快實施(shi)(shi)減污(wu)降碳協同(tong)工程(cheng)，支持能源(yuan)結構低碳化(hua)(hua)、移動源(yuan)清潔(jie)化(hua)(hua)、重(zhong)(zhong)點行(xing)業綠色化(hua)(hua)、工業園區循(xun)環(huan)化(hua)(hua)轉型等(deng)。加(jia)(jia)快實施(shi)(shi)環(huan)境品(pin)質提(ti)升(sheng)工程(cheng)，支持重(zhong)(zhong)點領域污(wu)染減排、重(zhong)(zhong)要河湖海灣綜合治(zhi)理(li)、土壤污(wu)染源(yuan)頭防控、危(wei)險廢物環(huan)境風(feng)險防控、新污(wu)染物治(zhi)理(li)等(deng)。加(jia)(jia)快實施(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)態保護(hu)修復工程(cheng)，支持生(sheng)(sheng)物多樣性保護(hu)、重(zhong)(zhong)點地區防沙(sha)(sha)治(zhi)沙(sha)(sha)、水土流失(shi)綜合防治(zhi)等(deng)。加(jia)(jia)快實施(shi)(shi)現代化(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)態環(huan)境基礎設(she)施(shi)(shi)建設(she)工程(cheng)，支持城鄉和園區環(huan)境設(she)施(shi)(shi)、生(sheng)(sheng)態環(huan)境智慧感(gan)知和監測執(zhi)法應急、核與輻射安全(quan)監管等(deng)。

（二(er)十九）共謀全(quan)球生(sheng)態(tai)文(wen)明(ming)建(jian)(jian)設。堅持人類命運(yun)共同體(ti)理念，共建(jian)(jian)清(qing)潔美麗世界。堅持共同但有區別的責任原(yuan)則(ze)，推動構建(jian)(jian)公平合理、合作共贏的全(quan)球環(huan)境氣候治(zhi)理體(ti)系。深化應對氣候變化、生(sheng)物(wu)多樣性保護(hu)、海洋(yang)污染(ran)治(zhi)理、核安全(quan)等領域國(guo)際合作。持續(xu)推動共建(jian)(jian)“一帶一路”綠色發展。

十、加強黨的全面領導

（三十）加(jia)強(qiang)組(zu)織領(ling)導(dao)。堅持(chi)(chi)和加(jia)強(qiang)黨對美(mei)(mei)麗(li)中國(guo)建(jian)(jian)設的(de)全(quan)(quan)面領(ling)導(dao)，完(wan)善中央(yang)統籌、省(sheng)負總(zong)責(ze)(ze)、市(shi)縣抓落(luo)實的(de)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)機(ji)制(zhi)。充分發(fa)揮(hui)中央(yang)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)保(bao)護(hu)督察工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)領(ling)導(dao)小(xiao)組(zu)統籌協調和指(zhi)導(dao)督促(cu)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用，健全(quan)(quan)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)機(ji)制(zhi)，加(jia)強(qiang)組(zu)織實施。研(yan)究制(zhi)定(ding)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)保(bao)護(hu)督察工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)條(tiao)例(li)。深入推進中央(yang)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)保(bao)護(hu)督察，將美(mei)(mei)麗(li)中國(guo)建(jian)(jian)設情(qing)況作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)督察重(zhong)點。持(chi)(chi)續拍攝制(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)警示片(pian)。制(zhi)定(ding)地(di)方黨政(zheng)領(ling)導(dao)干部(bu)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)保(bao)護(hu)責(ze)(ze)任(ren)制(zhi)規定(ding)，建(jian)(jian)立覆蓋全(quan)(quan)面、權責(ze)(ze)一(yi)致(zhi)、獎(jiang)懲(cheng)分明(ming)、環(huan)環(huan)相扣的(de)責(ze)(ze)任(ren)體系。各(ge)地(di)區各(ge)部(bu)門要把美(mei)(mei)麗(li)中國(guo)建(jian)(jian)設作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)事(shi)關(guan)全(quan)(quan)局的(de)重(zhong)大任(ren)務來抓，落(luo)實“黨政(zheng)同責(ze)(ze)、一(yi)崗雙責(ze)(ze)”，及時研(yan)究解決重(zhong)大問題。各(ge)級(ji)人大及其(qi)常委會(hui)加(jia)強(qiang)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)文(wen)明(ming)建(jian)(jian)設立法工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)和法律實施監(jian)督。各(ge)級(ji)政(zheng)協加(jia)大生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)文(wen)明(ming)建(jian)(jian)設專題協商和民(min)主監(jian)督力度。各(ge)地(di)區各(ge)有關(guan)部(bu)門推進美(mei)(mei)麗(li)中國(guo)建(jian)(jian)設年度工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)情(qing)況，書面送(song)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)部(bu)，由其(qi)匯總(zong)后(hou)向黨中央(yang)、國(guo)務院報告(gao)。

（三十(shi)一）壓實(shi)工作責任(ren)。生態環境部會同國(guo)家發展改革委(wei)等有(you)(you)關部門制定分(fen)領域行動(dong)方案，建(jian)立工作協調(diao)機(ji)制，加(jia)快形成美(mei)麗中國(guo)建(jian)設實(shi)施(shi)體系和(he)推(tui)進落實(shi)機(ji)制，推(tui)動(dong)任(ren)務項目化(hua)、清(qing)單(dan)化(hua)、責任(ren)化(hua)，加(jia)強統籌協調(diao)、調(diao)度評估(gu)和(he)監督管理。各級黨委(wei)和(he)政府(fu)要強化(hua)生態環境保護政治責任(ren)，分(fen)類施(shi)策、分(fen)區治理，精細化(hua)建(jian)設。省（自治區、直轄市）黨委(wei)和(he)政府(fu)應當結(jie)合地(di)方實(shi)際及(ji)時制定配(pei)套文件(jian)。各有(you)(you)關部門要加(jia)強工作銜接，把握好節奏和(he)力度，協調(diao)推(tui)進、相互帶動(dong)，強化(hua)對美(mei)麗中國(guo)建(jian)設重大(da)工程的財稅、金融(rong)、價格等政策支持。

（三十二）強化宣(xuan)傳(chuan)推(tui)廣。持續(xu)深化習(xi)近平生態(tai)文明(ming)思想理論研(yan)究、學習(xi)宣(xuan)傳(chuan)、制度創新、實踐(jian)推(tui)廣和國(guo)(guo)際傳(chuan)播，推(tui)進生態(tai)文明(ming)教(jiao)育納(na)入干(gan)部教(jiao)育、黨(dang)員(yuan)教(jiao)育、國(guo)(guo)民(min)教(jiao)育體(ti)系。通過全國(guo)(guo)生態(tai)日、環境日等多(duo)種形式加強生態(tai)文明(ming)宣(xuan)傳(chuan)。發布美(mei)麗中國(guo)(guo)建設(she)白皮書(shu)。按照有(you)關規定表彰在美(mei)麗中國(guo)(guo)建設(she)中成(cheng)績(ji)顯(xian)著(zhu)、貢獻突出的先(xian)進單(dan)位和個(ge)人。

（三十三）開(kai)展(zhan)成(cheng)(cheng)效(xiao)考(kao)(kao)核(he)。開(kai)展(zhan)美(mei)麗(li)中國監測評價，實施美(mei)麗(li)中國建(jian)(jian)設(she)進程評估。研究建(jian)(jian)立美(mei)麗(li)中國建(jian)(jian)設(she)成(cheng)(cheng)效(xiao)考(kao)(kao)核(he)指標(biao)體系，制定美(mei)麗(li)中國建(jian)(jian)設(she)成(cheng)(cheng)效(xiao)考(kao)(kao)核(he)辦法，適(shi)時將污染防治攻(gong)堅戰成(cheng)(cheng)效(xiao)考(kao)(kao)核(he)過渡到美(mei)麗(li)中國建(jian)(jian)設(she)成(cheng)(cheng)效(xiao)考(kao)(kao)核(he)，考(kao)(kao)核(he)工作(zuo)由中央生(sheng)態環(huan)境保護督察(cha)工作(zuo)領導小組牽頭組織，考(kao)(kao)核(he)結果(guo)作(zuo)為各級領導班子(zi)和有關(guan)領導干部綜合考(kao)(kao)核(he)評價、獎懲任(ren)免的重要參(can)考(kao)(kao)。