近日，住(zhu)建部、發改(gai)委(wei)印發《城鄉(xiang)建設領域(yu)碳達峰實(shi)施方案》，其中提(ti)出到2030年城市(shi)生活垃(la)圾(ji)資源化利用率(lv)達到65%，倡導農村生活垃(la)圾(ji)資源化利用，從源頭(tou)減少農村生活垃(la)圾(ji)產生量(liang)。

方(fang)案要求(qiu)，2030年(nian)前，城鄉建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)領(ling)域碳(tan)排(pai)放(fang)達到峰值。城鄉建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)低(di)碳(tan)發展政(zheng)策體系和(he)(he)體制機(ji)制基(ji)本建(jian)(jian)立(li)；建(jian)(jian)筑節能、垃圾資源化利用(yong)等水平(ping)大(da)(da)幅提高，能源資源利用(yong)效率達到國際先進(jin)水平(ping)；用(yong)能結構和(he)(he)方(fang)式更(geng)(geng)加優(you)化，可(ke)再生(sheng)能源應用(yong)更(geng)(geng)加充分；城鄉建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)方(fang)式綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)低(di)碳(tan)轉型取得積極進(jin)展，"大(da)(da)量建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)、大(da)(da)量消耗、大(da)(da)量排(pai)放(fang)"基(ji)本扭轉；城市整(zheng)體性(xing)、系統(tong)性(xing)、生(sheng)長性(xing)增強，"城市病"問題初步(bu)解決(jue)建(jian)(jian)筑品質和(he)(he)工程質量進(jin)一步(bu)提高，人居環境質量大(da)(da)幅改善；綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)生(sheng)活方(fang)式普遍形成，綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)低(di)碳(tan)運行初步(bu)實現(xian)。

方案(an)提出，全面推行(xing)垃(la)(la)(la)圾(ji)分(fen)(fen)(fen)類(lei)(lei)和(he)減量化(hua)(hua)(hua)、資(zi)源(yuan)化(hua)(hua)(hua)，完(wan)善(shan)生(sheng)活(huo)垃(la)(la)(la)圾(ji)分(fen)(fen)(fen)類(lei)(lei)投放、分(fen)(fen)(fen)類(lei)(lei)收(shou)集(ji)、分(fen)(fen)(fen)類(lei)(lei)運輸、分(fen)(fen)(fen)類(lei)(lei)處理系(xi)統(tong)到2030年城市生(sheng)活(huo)垃(la)(la)(la)圾(ji)資(zi)源(yuan)化(hua)(hua)(hua)利用(yong)率達到65%；推動農(nong)村生(sheng)活(huo)垃(la)(la)(la)圾(ji)分(fen)(fen)(fen)類(lei)(lei)處理，倡導農(nong)村生(sheng)活(huo)垃(la)(la)(la)圾(ji)資(zi)源(yuan)化(hua)(hua)(hua)利用(yong)，從源(yuan)頭(tou)減少農(nong)村生(sheng)活(huo)垃(la)(la)(la)圾(ji)產生(sheng)量；推進建(jian)筑(zhu)垃(la)(la)(la)圾(ji)集(ji)中處理、分(fen)(fen)(fen)級利用(yong)，到2030年建(jian)筑(zhu)垃(la)(la)(la)圾(ji)資(zi)源(yuan)化(hua)(hua)(hua)利用(yong)率達到55%。

住(zhu)房和城鄉(xiang)建設部 國家(jia)發(fa)展改革(ge)委(wei)關于印發(fa)城鄉(xiang)建設領域碳達(da)峰實施(shi)方案的通知

國務院有關部門，各(ge)省、自治區住房和城(cheng)(cheng)鄉(xiang)建(jian)設(she)(she)廳、發展改革(ge)(ge)委，直轄市住房和城(cheng)(cheng)鄉(xiang)建(jian)設(she)(she)（管）委、發展改革(ge)(ge)委，新疆生產建(jian)設(she)(she)兵(bing)團住房和城(cheng)(cheng)鄉(xiang)建(jian)設(she)(she)局、發展改革(ge)(ge)委：

《城鄉建(jian)設領(ling)域(yu)碳達峰實施(shi)方案》已經碳達峰碳中(zhong)和工作領(ling)導小組審議(yi)通過(guo)，現印發給你們，請認真貫徹落實。

住房和(he)城鄉建設部

國家發(fa)展(zhan)改革委

2022年6月30日

（此件公(gong)開(kai)發布）

城(cheng)鄉建設領域(yu)碳達峰(feng)實施(shi)方案

城(cheng)鄉(xiang)建(jian)設是碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)排(pai)放的主要領(ling)域之一。隨著城(cheng)鎮(zhen)化快速推進和(he)產業結構深度調整(zheng)(zheng)，城(cheng)鄉(xiang)建(jian)設領(ling)域碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)排(pai)放量及其占(zhan)全社會碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)排(pai)放總(zong)量比例(li)均(jun)將(jiang)進一步提高。為深入貫徹落(luo)實黨中(zhong)央、國務院關于(yu)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)達(da)(da)峰(feng)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)中(zhong)和(he)決策部署，控(kong)制城(cheng)鄉(xiang)建(jian)設領(ling)域碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)排(pai)放量增長，切實做好城(cheng)鄉(xiang)建(jian)設領(ling)域碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)達(da)(da)峰(feng)工作，根據《中(zhong)共(gong)中(zhong)央 國務院關于(yu)完整(zheng)(zheng)準確全面貫徹新發展理(li)念做好碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)達(da)(da)峰(feng)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)中(zhong)和(he)工作的意見》、《2030年前碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)達(da)(da)峰(feng)行(xing)動方案》，制定本實施方案。

一、總體要求

（一）指導思想(xiang)。以習近平新時代中(zhong)國(guo)特(te)色(se)社會(hui)主(zhu)義(yi)思想(xiang)為指導，全(quan)(quan)面(mian)(mian)貫徹(che)黨的十九(jiu)大和十九(jiu)屆歷次全(quan)(quan)會(hui)精神(shen)，深入貫徹(che)習近平生(sheng)態(tai)文明思想(xiang)，按照黨中(zhong)央、國(guo)務(wu)院(yuan)決(jue)策部署(shu)，堅持(chi)穩(wen)中(zhong)求(qiu)進工作(zuo)總(zong)基(ji)調，立足新發(fa)展階段，完整、準確、全(quan)(quan)面(mian)(mian)貫徹(che)新發(fa)展理(li)念，構建新發(fa)展格局，堅持(chi)生(sheng)態(tai)優(you)先(xian)、節約(yue)優(you)先(xian)、保護優(you)先(xian)，堅持(chi)人與(yu)自然(ran)和諧(xie)共(gong)生(sheng)，堅持(chi)系統(tong)觀念，統(tong)籌發(fa)展和安全(quan)(quan)，以綠色(se)低碳發(fa)展為引領，推進城(cheng)(cheng)市更新行動(dong)和鄉村建設行動(dong)，加快轉變(bian)城(cheng)(cheng)鄉建設方(fang)式，提升綠色(se)低碳發(fa)展質量，不斷滿足人民(min)群眾對美好生(sheng)活的需要。

（二）工(gong)作原則。堅(jian)(jian)持系統(tong)謀劃、分(fen)步(bu)實施(shi)，加強(qiang)頂層設(she)計，強(qiang)化結果控制(zhi)(zhi)，合理(li)確定工(gong)作節奏(zou)，統(tong)籌推(tui)進(jin)實現(xian)碳(tan)達峰。堅(jian)(jian)持因地(di)制(zhi)(zhi)宜，區分(fen)城市、鄉村(cun)、不同氣候區，科學(xue)確定節能降碳(tan)要求。堅(jian)(jian)持創新引領、轉型發展，加強(qiang)核心技術(shu)攻堅(jian)(jian)，完善技術(shu)體系，強(qiang)化機制(zhi)(zhi)創新，完善城鄉建(jian)設(she)碳(tan)減排管理(li)制(zhi)(zhi)度。堅(jian)(jian)持雙輪(lun)驅動、共(gong)同發力，充(chong)分(fen)發揮(hui)政府(fu)主導和市場機制(zhi)(zhi)作用，形成有效(xiao)的(de)激(ji)勵約束機制(zhi)(zhi)，實施(shi)共(gong)建(jian)共(gong)享，協(xie)同推(tui)進(jin)各項(xiang)工(gong)作。

（三）主(zhu)要目標。2030年(nian)前(qian)，城(cheng)鄉建(jian)設(she)(she)領域碳排放(fang)達到(dao)峰(feng)值。城(cheng)鄉建(jian)設(she)(she)綠(lv)色(se)低碳發展政(zheng)策體(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)和(he)體(ti)(ti)(ti)制機制基本建(jian)立；建(jian)筑節能、垃圾資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)化(hua)利用等水(shui)平大(da)(da)(da)幅提高，能源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)利用效率達到(dao)國際先進水(shui)平；用能結構和(he)方(fang)式更(geng)加(jia)優化(hua)，可(ke)再生(sheng)能源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)應用更(geng)加(jia)充分；城(cheng)鄉建(jian)設(she)(she)方(fang)式綠(lv)色(se)低碳轉型(xing)取得積(ji)極進展，"大(da)(da)(da)量(liang)建(jian)設(she)(she)、大(da)(da)(da)量(liang)消耗、大(da)(da)(da)量(liang)排放(fang)"基本扭(niu)轉;城(cheng)市整(zheng)體(ti)(ti)(ti)性(xing)、系(xi)統性(xing)、生(sheng)長(chang)性(xing)增強，"城(cheng)市病"問(wen)題初步(bu)解決(jue);建(jian)筑品質和(he)工程質量(liang)進一(yi)步(bu)提高，人(ren)居環(huan)(huan)境(jing)質量(liang)大(da)(da)(da)幅改善；綠(lv)色(se)生(sheng)活(huo)方(fang)式普遍(bian)形成，綠(lv)色(se)低碳運行初步(bu)實現(xian)。力爭到(dao)2060年(nian)前(qian)，城(cheng)鄉建(jian)設(she)(she)方(fang)式全(quan)面實現(xian)綠(lv)色(se)低碳轉型(xing)，系(xi)統性(xing)變革全(quan)面實現(xian)，美好人(ren)居環(huan)(huan)境(jing)全(quan)面建(jian)成，城(cheng)鄉建(jian)設(she)(she)領域碳排放(fang)治理現(xian)代化(hua)全(quan)面實現(xian)，人(ren)民生(sheng)活(huo)更(geng)加(jia)幸福(fu)。

二、建設綠色低碳(tan)城(cheng)市

（四）優化(hua)城(cheng)(cheng)市結構和布(bu)局。城(cheng)(cheng)市形(xing)態(tai)(tai)(tai)、密(mi)度(du)(du)、功能(neng)布(bu)局和建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)方式對(dui)碳(tan)減排具有(you)基礎性重(zhong)要影響。積(ji)(ji)極開展(zhan)綠(lv)色(se)低碳(tan)城(cheng)(cheng)市建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)，推動組團(tuan)式發展(zhan)。每個組團(tuan)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)不(bu)超過50平(ping)(ping)方公(gong)(gong)里(li)，組團(tuan)內(nei)(nei)平(ping)(ping)均人(ren)口(kou)密(mi)度(du)(du)原則上(shang)不(bu)超過1萬(wan)人(ren)/平(ping)(ping)方公(gong)(gong)里(li)，個別地段最(zui)高(gao)不(bu)超過1.5萬(wan)人(ren)/平(ping)(ping)方公(gong)(gong)里(li)。加強生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)廊道(dao)(dao)、景觀視廊、通風廊道(dao)(dao)、濱(bin)水(shui)空(kong)間和城(cheng)(cheng)市綠(lv)道(dao)(dao)統籌(chou)布(bu)局，留足城(cheng)(cheng)市河(he)湖生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)空(kong)間和防洪排澇空(kong)間，組團(tuan)間的(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)廊道(dao)(dao)應(ying)貫(guan)通連續，凈寬(kuan)度(du)(du)不(bu)少于100米。推動城(cheng)(cheng)市生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)修復，完善(shan)城(cheng)(cheng)市生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)系(xi)統。嚴(yan)格控(kong)制新建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)超高(gao)層(ceng)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)，一般不(bu)得新建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)超高(gao)層(ceng)住(zhu)宅。新城(cheng)(cheng)新區(qu)合理控(kong)制職(zhi)住(zhu)比例，促(cu)進就(jiu)業崗位和居住(zhu)空(kong)間均衡融(rong)合布(bu)局。合理布(bu)局城(cheng)(cheng)市快速干(gan)線交通、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活性集散(san)交通和綠(lv)色(se)慢行交通設(she)(she)施(shi)，主城(cheng)(cheng)區(qu)道(dao)(dao)路網密(mi)度(du)(du)應(ying)大于8公(gong)(gong)里(li)/平(ping)(ping)方公(gong)(gong)里(li)。嚴(yan)格既(ji)有(you)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)拆(chai)除(chu)(chu)(chu)管(guan)理，堅持從(cong)"拆(chai)改(gai)留"到"留改(gai)拆(chai)"推動城(cheng)(cheng)市更新，除(chu)(chu)(chu)違法建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)和經專(zhuan)業機(ji)構鑒定為危房且無修繕保留價值的(de)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)外(wai)，不(bu)大規模、成片集中拆(chai)除(chu)(chu)(chu)現狀建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)，城(cheng)(cheng)市更新單元(yuan)（片區(qu)）或項目內(nei)(nei)拆(chai)除(chu)(chu)(chu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)原則上(shang)不(bu)應(ying)大于現狀總建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)的(de)20%。盤活存量房屋，減少各類空(kong)置房。

（五）開展綠色(se)(se)(se)(se)低(di)碳(tan)社(she)(she)(she)區(qu)(qu)(qu)建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)。社(she)(she)(she)區(qu)(qu)(qu)是形成簡約(yue)適(shi)度、綠色(se)(se)(se)(se)低(di)碳(tan)、文明健康生(sheng)活(huo)(huo)方式(shi)的重要場所。推(tui)廣功(gong)能復合的混合街區(qu)(qu)(qu)，倡導居(ju)住(zhu)、商(shang)業(ye)、無污染產業(ye)等混合布(bu)局。按照《完整(zheng)居(ju)住(zhu)社(she)(she)(she)區(qu)(qu)(qu)建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)標準(zhun)（試行(xing)(xing)）》配(pei)(pei)建(jian)基本(ben)公(gong)共(gong)服務(wu)設(she)(she)(she)施、便(bian)民(min)商(shang)業(ye)服務(wu)設(she)(she)(she)施、市(shi)政配(pei)(pei)套基礎設(she)(she)(she)施和(he)公(gong)共(gong)活(huo)(huo)動空(kong)間(jian)，到2030年地(di)級及以上城市(shi)的完整(zheng)居(ju)住(zhu)社(she)(she)(she)區(qu)(qu)(qu)覆蓋率提高到60%以上。通過步(bu)行(xing)(xing)和(he)騎行(xing)(xing)網(wang)絡串(chuan)聯(lian)若(ruo)干(gan)個(ge)居(ju)住(zhu)社(she)(she)(she)區(qu)(qu)(qu)，構建(jian)十五分鐘(zhong)生(sheng)活(huo)(huo)圈。推(tui)進綠色(se)(se)(se)(se)社(she)(she)(she)區(qu)(qu)(qu)創建(jian)行(xing)(xing)動，將綠色(se)(se)(se)(se)發展理念(nian)貫穿(chuan)社(she)(she)(she)區(qu)(qu)(qu)規劃建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)管理全過程，60%的城市(shi)社(she)(she)(she)區(qu)(qu)(qu)先行(xing)(xing)達(da)到創建(jian)要求。探索零(ling)碳(tan)社(she)(she)(she)區(qu)(qu)(qu)建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)。鼓勵物(wu)業(ye)服務(wu)企業(ye)向業(ye)主提供居(ju)家養老、家政、托(tuo)幼、健身、購(gou)物(wu)等生(sheng)活(huo)(huo)服務(wu)，在步(bu)行(xing)(xing)范(fan)圍內滿(man)足(zu)業(ye)主基本(ben)生(sheng)活(huo)(huo)需求。鼓勵選用(yong)(yong)色(se)(se)(se)(se)家電(dian)產品(pin)(pin)，減少使用(yong)(yong)一次性(xing)消(xiao)費品(pin)(pin)。鼓勵"部分空(kong)間(jian)、部分時間(jian)"等綠色(se)(se)(se)(se)低(di)碳(tan)用(yong)(yong)能方式(shi)，倡導隨手關燈，電(dian)視(shi)機、空(kong)調、電(dian)腦(nao)等電(dian)器不用(yong)(yong)時關閉插座電(dian)源。鼓勵選用(yong)(yong)新能源汽(qi)車，推(tui)進社(she)(she)(she)區(qu)(qu)(qu)充(chong)換(huan)電(dian)設(she)(she)(she)施建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)。

（六）全面提(ti)高綠(lv)(lv)色(se)低碳建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)水平(ping)。持(chi)續開(kai)展綠(lv)(lv)色(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)創建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)行動，到(dao)2025年(nian)(nian)(nian)，城(cheng)鎮(zhen)新(xin)(xin)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)全面執(zhi)行綠(lv)(lv)色(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)標準，星級綠(lv)(lv)色(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)占比達(da)到(dao)30%以(yi)上(shang)，新(xin)(xin)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)政府投資公(gong)益性公(gong)共(gong)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)和(he)(he)大型(xing)公(gong)共(gong)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)全部(bu)達(da)到(dao)一星級以(yi)上(shang)。2030年(nian)(nian)(nian)前嚴寒、寒冷(leng)(leng)地區(qu)新(xin)(xin)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)居住建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)本(ben)體(ti)達(da)到(dao)83%節能(neng)要求，夏(xia)熱(re)冬冷(leng)(leng)、夏(xia)熱(re)冬暖、溫和(he)(he)地區(qu)新(xin)(xin)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)居住建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)本(ben)體(ti)達(da)到(dao)75%節能(neng)要求，新(xin)(xin)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)公(gong)共(gong)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)本(ben)體(ti)達(da)到(dao)78%節能(neng)要求。推動低碳建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)規模化發展，鼓勵建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)零(ling)碳建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)和(he)(he)近零(ling)能(neng)耗(hao)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)。加強(qiang)節能(neng)改(gai)造(zao)鑒定評估(gu)，編制改(gai)造(zao)專(zhuan)項規劃，對具(ju)備改(gai)造(zao)價值和(he)(he)條件的居住建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要應改(gai)盡改(gai)，改(gai)造(zao)部(bu)分節能(neng)水平(ping)應達(da)到(dao)現(xian)行標準規定。持(chi)續推進公(gong)共(gong)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)能(neng)效(xiao)(xiao)提(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)重(zhong)點(dian)城(cheng)市建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)，到(dao)2030年(nian)(nian)(nian)地級以(yi)上(shang)重(zhong)點(dian)城(cheng)市全部(bu)完(wan)成改(gai)造(zao)任務(wu)，改(gai)造(zao)后實(shi)(shi)現(xian)整體(ti)能(neng)效(xiao)(xiao)提(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)20%以(yi)上(shang)。推進公(gong)共(gong)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)能(neng)耗(hao)監測和(he)(he)統計分析，逐步實(shi)(shi)施能(neng)耗(hao)限額管理。加強(qiang)空調(diao)、照明、電梯等重(zhong)點(dian)用(yong)能(neng)設(she)(she)備運行調(diao)適，提(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)設(she)(she)備能(neng)效(xiao)(xiao)，到(dao)2030年(nian)(nian)(nian)實(shi)(shi)現(xian)公(gong)共(gong)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)機電系統的總(zong)體(ti)能(neng)效(xiao)(xiao)在(zai)現(xian)有水平(ping)上(shang)提(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)10%。

（七）建設(she)綠色低碳住(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)宅(zhai)(zhai)。提升住(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)宅(zhai)(zhai)品質(zhi)，積極發(fa)展(zhan)中小(xiao)戶(hu)型普通住(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)宅(zhai)(zhai)，限(xian)制發(fa)展(zhan)超(chao)大戶(hu)型住(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)宅(zhai)(zhai)。依據當(dang)地氣候條件，合理(li)確定住(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)宅(zhai)(zhai)朝向、窗墻(qiang)比(bi)和體形(xing)系(xi)數，降低住(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)宅(zhai)(zhai)能耗(hao)。合理(li)布局(ju)居住(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)生活(huo)空間(jian)，鼓勵大開間(jian)、小(xiao)進深，充分利用日照(zhao)和自然通風。推(tui)行(xing)靈活(huo)可(ke)變的(de)居住(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)空間(jian)設(she)計，減少改造(zao)或(huo)拆(chai)除(chu)造(zao)成的(de)資源(yuan)浪費。推(tui)動新建住(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)宅(zhai)(zhai)全(quan)裝(zhuang)修(xiu)交(jiao)付使用，減少資源(yuan)消耗(hao)和環(huan)境污染。積極推(tui)廣(guang)裝(zhuang)配化(hua)裝(zhuang)修(xiu)，推(tui)行(xing)整體衛(wei)浴和廚房等模塊化(hua)部品應用技術，實現部品部件可(ke)拆(chai)改、可(ke)循環(huan)使用。提高共用設(she)施(shi)設(she)備維修(xiu)養(yang)護(hu)水平(ping)，提升智能化(hua)程度(du)。加強住(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)宅(zhai)(zhai)共用部位維護(hu)管(guan)理(li)，延長住(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)宅(zhai)(zhai)使用壽命。

（八）提(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)基(ji)礎設(she)施運(yun)行效(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)。基(ji)礎設(she)施體(ti)系化(hua)、智(zhi)能化(hua)、生(sheng)態綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)化(hua)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)和(he)(he)穩定運(yun)行，可以(yi)有(you)(you)效(xiao)(xiao)減(jian)少能源消耗和(he)(he)碳排放。實施30年(nian)(nian)(nian)以(yi)上老(lao)舊供(gong)(gong)熱(re)管(guan)(guan)網(wang)(wang)更(geng)(geng)新改造(zao)(zao)工程(cheng)，加(jia)強(qiang)供(gong)(gong)熱(re)管(guan)(guan)網(wang)(wang)保(bao)溫材料更(geng)(geng)換，推(tui)(tui)進供(gong)(gong)熱(re)場站(zhan)、管(guan)(guan)網(wang)(wang)智(zhi)能化(hua)改造(zao)(zao)，到(dao)(dao)(dao)2030年(nian)(nian)(nian)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)供(gong)(gong)熱(re)管(guan)(guan)網(wang)(wang)熱(re)損失比2020年(nian)(nian)(nian)下降(jiang)5個百分(fen)點(dian)。開(kai)展(zhan)人(ren)行道(dao)凈(jing)化(hua)和(he)(he)自(zi)行車(che)專用(yong)道(dao)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)專項行動(dong)，完善(shan)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)軌道(dao)交通站(zhan)點(dian)與周邊建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)連廊或地(di)下通道(dao)等(deng)配套接駁設(she)施，加(jia)大城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)公(gong)交專用(yong)道(dao)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)力(li)度，提(ti)(ti)升城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)公(gong)共交通運(yun)行效(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)和(he)(he)服(fu)務水(shui)(shui)平，城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)交通出(chu)行比例穩步提(ti)(ti)升。全(quan)面推(tui)(tui)行垃(la)圾分(fen)類(lei)和(he)(he)減(jian)量化(hua)、資(zi)(zi)源化(hua)，完善(shan)生(sheng)活垃(la)圾分(fen)類(lei)投放、分(fen)類(lei)收集(ji)、分(fen)類(lei)運(yun)輸(shu)、分(fen)類(lei)處(chu)(chu)理(li)系統，到(dao)(dao)(dao)2030年(nian)(nian)(nian)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)生(sheng)活垃(la)圾資(zi)(zi)源化(hua)利用(yong)率(lv)達到(dao)(dao)(dao)65%。結合城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)特點(dian)，充分(fen)尊重自(zi)然(ran)，加(jia)強(qiang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)設(she)施與原有(you)(you)河流(liu)、湖(hu)泊等(deng)生(sheng)態本底的有(you)(you)效(xiao)(xiao)銜(xian)接，因地(di)制(zhi)宜，系統化(hua)全(quan)域推(tui)(tui)進海綿城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)，綜(zong)合采用(yong)“滲(shen)、滯、蓄、凈(jing)、用(yong)、排"方式，加(jia)大雨水(shui)(shui)蓄滯與利用(yong)，到(dao)(dao)(dao)2030年(nian)(nian)(nian)全(quan)國(guo)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)成(cheng)(cheng)區平均可滲(shen)透面積占比達到(dao)(dao)(dao)45%。推(tui)(tui)進節水(shui)(shui)型城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)，實施城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)老(lao)舊供(gong)(gong)水(shui)(shui)管(guan)(guan)網(wang)(wang)更(geng)(geng)新改造(zao)(zao)，推(tui)(tui)進管(guan)(guan)網(wang)(wang)分(fen)區計量，提(ti)(ti)升供(gong)(gong)水(shui)(shui)管(guan)(guan)網(wang)(wang)智(zhi)能化(hua)管(guan)(guan)理(li)水(shui)(shui)平，力(li)爭到(dao)(dao)(dao)2030年(nian)(nian)(nian)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)公(gong)共供(gong)(gong)水(shui)(shui)管(guan)(guan)網(wang)(wang)漏損率(lv)控(kong)制(zhi)在8%以(yi)內。實施污水(shui)(shui)收集(ji)處(chu)(chu)理(li)設(she)施改造(zao)(zao)和(he)(he)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)鎮污水(shui)(shui)資(zi)(zi)源化(hua)利用(yong)行動(dong)，到(dao)(dao)(dao)2030年(nian)(nian)(nian)全(quan)國(guo)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)平均再生(sheng)水(shui)(shui)利用(yong)率(lv)達到(dao)(dao)(dao)30%。加(jia)快推(tui)(tui)進城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)供(gong)(gong)氣管(guan)(guan)道(dao)和(he)(he)設(she)施更(geng)(geng)新改造(zao)(zao)。推(tui)(tui)進城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)照明，加(jia)強(qiang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)照明規劃、設(she)計、建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)運(yun)營全(quan)過(guo)程(cheng)管(guan)(guan)理(li)，控(kong)制(zhi)過(guo)度亮(liang)化(hua)和(he)(he)光污染，到(dao)(dao)(dao)2030年(nian)(nian)(nian)LED等(deng)高(gao)(gao)效(xiao)(xiao)節能燈具使用(yong)占比超過(guo)80%，30%以(yi)上城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)成(cheng)(cheng)照明數字化(hua)系統。開(kai)展(zhan)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)園(yuan)林綠(lv)(lv)(lv)化(hua)提(ti)(ti)升行動(dong)，完善(shan)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)公(gong)園(yuan)體(ti)系，推(tui)(tui)進中(zhong)心城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)區、老(lao)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)區綠(lv)(lv)(lv)道(dao)網(wang)(wang)絡建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)，加(jia)強(qiang)立體(ti)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)化(hua)，提(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)鄉(xiang)土和(he)(he)本地(di)適生(sheng)植物應用(yong)比例，到(dao)(dao)(dao)2030年(nian)(nian)(nian)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)成(cheng)(cheng)區綠(lv)(lv)(lv)地(di)率(lv)達到(dao)(dao)(dao)38.9%，城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)成(cheng)(cheng)區擁有(you)(you)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)道(dao)長(chang)度超過(guo)1公(gong)里(li)/萬人(ren)。

（九(jiu)）優(you)化(hua)城市(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)結(jie)構。推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)進建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)太(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)光(guang)伏(fu)一體化(hua)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)，到(dao)2025年(nian)(nian)新(xin)建(jian)(jian)(jian)公共(gong)機構建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)、新(xin)建(jian)(jian)(jian)廠(chang)房屋頂(ding)光(guang)伏(fu)覆蓋率力(li)(li)(li)爭(zheng)達(da)到(dao)50%。推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)動既(ji)有公共(gong)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)屋頂(ding)加裝太(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)光(guang)伏(fu)系統(tong)。加快智能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)光(guang)伏(fu)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)廣(guang)。在(zai)(zai)太(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)資源(yuan)較豐富地(di)區及有穩定(ding)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)水(shui)需求(qiu)的建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)中，積極推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)廣(guang)太(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)光(guang)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。因地(di)制宜推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)進地(di)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)、生(sheng)物質(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)廣(guang)空氣源(yuan)等各(ge)類電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動熱(re)(re)(re)(re)泵技術(shu)。到(dao)2025年(nian)(nian)城鎮(zhen)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)可再生(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)替(ti)代率達(da)到(dao)8%。引(yin)導建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)供(gong)暖、生(sheng)活熱(re)(re)(re)(re)水(shui)、炊事(shi)等向電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣化(hua)發展(zhan)，到(dao)2030年(nian)(nian)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)占(zhan)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)耗(hao)比例超(chao)過65%。推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)動開展(zhan)新(xin)建(jian)(jian)(jian)公共(gong)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)全面(mian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣化(hua)，到(dao)2030年(nian)(nian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣化(hua)比例達(da)到(dao)20%。推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)廣(guang)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)泵熱(re)(re)(re)(re)水(shui)器、高效(xiao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)爐灶等替(ti)代燃(ran)氣產品，推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)動高效(xiao)直流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器與(yu)設(she)(she)備應用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)動智能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)微電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網、"光(guang)儲直柔(rou)"、蓄冷蓄熱(re)(re)(re)(re)、負荷靈活調節、虛擬電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)廠(chang)等技術(shu)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，優(you)先消納可再生(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)，主動參與(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)需求(qiu)側(ce)響應。探索(suo)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)(she)備智能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)群控技術(shu)，在(zai)(zai)滿(man)足(zu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)需求(qiu)前提(ti)下，合理調配用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)負荷，實(shi)現電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)少(shao)增(zeng)容(rong)、不增(zeng)容(rong)。根(gen)據(ju)既(ji)有能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)基礎設(she)(she)施(shi)和經(jing)濟承受能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)，因地(di)制宜探索(suo)氫燃(ran)料電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)分(fen)布(bu)式熱(re)(re)(re)(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)聯(lian)供(gong)。推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)動建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)源(yuan)端低碳化(hua)，綜合利用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)聯(lian)產余熱(re)(re)(re)(re)、工業(ye)余熱(re)(re)(re)(re)、核(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)余熱(re)(re)(re)(re)，根(gen)據(ju)各(ge)地(di)實(shi)際情況應用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)盡用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。充分(fen)發揮城市(shi)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)供(gong)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)，提(ti)高城市(shi)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)生(sheng)物質(zhi)耦合能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)。引(yin)導寒冷地(di)區達(da)到(dao)超(chao)低能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)耗(hao)的建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)不再采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)市(shi)政集中供(gong)暖。

（十(shi)）推(tui)(tui)(tui)進(jin)綠(lv)(lv)色(se)低碳建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)造。大力發展裝配式(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，推(tui)(tui)(tui)廣(guang)鋼(gang)結構(gou)住宅，到2030年裝配式(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)占(zhan)當年城鎮(zhen)新(xin)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)比(bi)例(li)達(da)到40%。推(tui)(tui)(tui)廣(guang)智(zhi)能建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)造，到2030年培育100個智(zhi)能建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)造產(chan)業(ye)基(ji)地，打(da)造一(yi)批建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)產(chan)業(ye)互聯(lian)網平(ping)臺(tai)，形成一(yi)系列(lie)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)機器人標(biao)志性產(chan)品。推(tui)(tui)(tui)廣(guang)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)材(cai)料工廠(chang)化(hua)精準(zhun)加(jia)工、精細化(hua)管理，到2030年施(shi)工現場(chang)(chang)(chang)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)材(cai)料損耗率比(bi)2020年下降20%。加(jia)強施(shi)工現場(chang)(chang)(chang)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)垃圾(ji)管控，到2030年新(xin)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)施(shi)工現場(chang)(chang)(chang)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)垃圾(ji)排(pai)放量不高(gao)于(yu)300噸/萬(wan)平(ping)方(fang)米。積極推(tui)(tui)(tui)廣(guang)節能型(xing)施(shi)工設(she)備(bei)，監控重點設(she)備(bei)耗能，對多臺(tai)同(tong)類設(she)備(bei)實施(shi)群(qun)控管理。優先選用(yong)(yong)獲(huo)得綠(lv)(lv)色(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)材(cai)認證(zheng)標(biao)識的(de)(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)材(cai)產(chan)品，建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)立政府(fu)工程采購綠(lv)(lv)色(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)材(cai)機制(zhi)(zhi)，到2030年星級(ji)(ji)綠(lv)(lv)色(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)全面(mian)推(tui)(tui)(tui)廣(guang)綠(lv)(lv)色(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)材(cai)。鼓勵有(you)條(tiao)件的(de)(de)(de)地區使用(yong)(yong)木竹(zhu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)材(cai)。提高(gao)預制(zhi)(zhi)構(gou)件和部(bu)品部(bu)件通用(yong)(yong)性，推(tui)(tui)(tui)廣(guang)標(biao)準(zhun)化(hua)、少規格、多組合(he)設(she)計。推(tui)(tui)(tui)進(jin)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)垃圾(ji)集中處理、分(fen)級(ji)(ji)利(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)，到2030年建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)垃圾(ji)資源化(hua)利(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)率達(da)到55%。

三(san)、打造綠(lv)色低碳(tan)縣城和(he)鄉村(cun)

（十一）提(ti)升(sheng)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)城(cheng)綠(lv)色低碳(tan)水(shui)平。開展(zhan)綠(lv)色低碳(tan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)城(cheng)建設(she)(she)，構建集(ji)約節(jie)(jie)約、尺度(du)(du)宜(yi)人的縣(xian)(xian)(xian)城(cheng)格局。充分(fen)(fen)借助自然條件、順應(ying)原(yuan)有地(di)形地(di)貌，實現縣(xian)(xian)(xian)城(cheng)與(yu)(yu)自然環(huan)境(jing)融合(he)協調。結(jie)合(he)實際推(tui)(tui)行(xing)大分(fen)(fen)散(san)與(yu)(yu)小區(qu)(qu)域集(ji)中(zhong)相(xiang)結(jie)合(he)的基礎(chu)設(she)(she)施(shi)分(fen)(fen)布式布局，建設(she)(she)綠(lv)色節(jie)(jie)約型基礎(chu)設(she)(she)施(shi)。要(yao)因地(di)制宜(yi)強化縣(xian)(xian)(xian)城(cheng)建設(she)(she)密(mi)度(du)(du)與(yu)(yu)強度(du)(du)管(guan)控，位于生態功(gong)能區(qu)(qu)、農產(chan)品(pin)主產(chan)區(qu)(qu)的縣(xian)(xian)(xian)城(cheng)建成區(qu)(qu)人口密(mi)度(du)(du)控制在(zai)(zai)0.6—1萬人/平方公(gong)里，建筑總面(mian)積(ji)(ji)與(yu)(yu)建設(she)(she)用地(di)比值控制在(zai)(zai)0.6—0.8；建筑高(gao)度(du)(du)要(yao)與(yu)(yu)消防救(jiu)援能力相(xiang)匹配，新建住(zhu)(zhu)宅以(yi)(yi)6層(ceng)為主，最高(gao)不超(chao)過(guo)18層(ceng)，6層(ceng)及以(yi)(yi)下住(zhu)(zhu)宅建筑面(mian)積(ji)(ji)占比應(ying)不低于70%；確需建設(she)(she)18層(ceng)以(yi)(yi)上居住(zhu)(zhu)建筑的，應(ying)嚴格充分(fen)(fen)論證(zheng)，并(bing)確保消防應(ying)急(ji)、市政配套設(she)(she)施(shi)等建設(she)(she)到位；推(tui)(tui)行(xing)"窄(zhai)馬路、密(mi)路網(wang)、小街區(qu)(qu)"，縣(xian)(xian)(xian)城(cheng)內部道路紅線寬度(du)(du)不超(chao)過(guo)40米，廣場集(ji)中(zhong)硬地(di)面(mian)積(ji)(ji)不超(chao)過(guo)2公(gong)頃，步行(xing)道網(wang)絡(luo)應(ying)連續通暢。

（十二(er)）營(ying)造自然(ran)緊(jin)湊鄉(xiang)村格(ge)局。合理布局鄉(xiang)村建設(she)(she)，保護鄉(xiang)村生(sheng)態環(huan)境(jing)(jing)，減少資(zi)源能源消(xiao)耗。開展綠色低碳(tan)村莊(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)建設(she)(she)，提升鄉(xiang)村生(sheng)態和環(huan)境(jing)(jing)質(zhi)量。農(nong)(nong)(nong)房(fang)和村莊(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)建設(she)(she)選(xuan)址要安全可靠，順應地形(xing)地貌(mao)，保護山水林田湖(hu)草沙生(sheng)態脈絡。鼓勵新建農(nong)(nong)(nong)房(fang)向基(ji)礎設(she)(she)施完善(shan)、自然(ran)條件優越、公共服務設(she)(she)施齊(qi)全、景觀環(huan)境(jing)(jing)優美(mei)的村莊(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)聚集，農(nong)(nong)(nong)房(fang)群落自然(ran)、緊(jin)湊、有序。

（十三）推(tui)進(jin)(jin)綠色(se)(se)低碳(tan)(tan)農(nong)(nong)(nong)房(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)建設(she)(she)。提(ti)升(sheng)農(nong)(nong)(nong)房(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)綠色(se)(se)低碳(tan)(tan)設(she)(she)計建造(zao)(zao)(zao)水平，提(ti)高農(nong)(nong)(nong)房(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)效水平，到(dao)2030年建成一批綠色(se)(se)農(nong)(nong)(nong)房(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)，鼓(gu)勵(li)建設(she)(she)星(xing)級綠色(se)(se)農(nong)(nong)(nong)房(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)和(he)零(ling)碳(tan)(tan)農(nong)(nong)(nong)房(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)。按照(zhao)結(jie)構(gou)安(an)全、功能(neng)(neng)(neng)完(wan)(wan)善、節能(neng)(neng)(neng)降碳(tan)(tan)等(deng)(deng)要(yao)求(qiu)，制定和(he)完(wan)(wan)善農(nong)(nong)(nong)房(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)建設(she)(she)相關標(biao)準。引導新建農(nong)(nong)(nong)房(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)執行(xing)《農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)居住建筑節能(neng)(neng)(neng)設(she)(she)計標(biao)準》等(deng)(deng)相關標(biao)準，完(wan)(wan)善農(nong)(nong)(nong)房(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)節能(neng)(neng)(neng)措施，因地(di)制宜推(tui)廣(guang)太陽能(neng)(neng)(neng)暖房(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)等(deng)(deng)可再(zai)生能(neng)(neng)(neng)源利用(yong)方式。推(tui)廣(guang)使(shi)用(yong)高能(neng)(neng)(neng)效照(zhao)明、灶具等(deng)(deng)設(she)(she)施設(she)(she)備。鼓(gu)勵(li)就地(di)取材(cai)和(he)利用(yong)鄉(xiang)土(tu)材(cai)料(liao)，推(tui)廣(guang)使(shi)用(yong)綠色(se)(se)建材(cai)，鼓(gu)勵(li)選用(yong)裝配(pei)式鋼結(jie)構(gou)、木結(jie)構(gou)等(deng)(deng)建造(zao)(zao)(zao)方式。大力推(tui)進(jin)(jin)北方地(di)區農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)清潔取暖。在(zai)北方地(di)區冬季(ji)清潔取暖項目中(zhong)積極推(tui)進(jin)(jin)農(nong)(nong)(nong)房(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)節能(neng)(neng)(neng)改造(zao)(zao)(zao)，提(ti)高常住房(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)間舒適性(xing)，改造(zao)(zao)(zao)后實現整體能(neng)(neng)(neng)效提(ti)升(sheng)30%以上。

（十四）推(tui)進生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)(huo)垃(la)圾污水治理低(di)碳化。推(tui)進農村(cun)(cun)污水處(chu)理，合理確定排放標準，推(tui)動(dong)農村(cun)(cun)生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)(huo)污水就近就地(di)資源化利用。因地(di)制宜(yi)，推(tui)廣小型化、生(sheng)(sheng)態化、分(fen)散化的污水處(chu)理工藝，推(tui)行微動(dong)力、低(di)能耗、低(di)成本的運行方式。推(tui)動(dong)農村(cun)(cun)生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)(huo)垃(la)圾分(fen)類處(chu)理，倡(chang)導農村(cun)(cun)生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)(huo)垃(la)圾資源化利用，從源頭減少農村(cun)(cun)生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)(huo)垃(la)圾產生(sheng)(sheng)量(liang)。

（十(shi)五(wu)）推(tui)(tui)廣應用(yong)可再(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)源。推(tui)(tui)進太(tai)陽能(neng)(neng)、地(di)熱(re)(re)能(neng)(neng)、空氣熱(re)(re)能(neng)(neng)、生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)質(zhi)能(neng)(neng)等(deng)(deng)可再(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)源在鄉村供(gong)(gong)氣、供(gong)(gong)暖(nuan)、供(gong)(gong)電等(deng)(deng)方面(mian)的(de)應用(yong)。大力推(tui)(tui)動農(nong)房屋頂、院落(luo)空地(di)、農(nong)業設施(shi)加(jia)(jia)裝太(tai)陽能(neng)(neng)光(guang)伏系(xi)統。推(tui)(tui)動鄉村進一步提(ti)高(gao)電氣化水平，鼓(gu)勵炊事(shi)、供(gong)(gong)暖(nuan)、照(zhao)明、交通、熱(re)(re)水等(deng)(deng)用(yong)能(neng)(neng)電氣化。充分利用(yong)太(tai)陽能(neng)(neng)光(guang)熱(re)(re)系(xi)統提(ti)供(gong)(gong)生(sheng)(sheng)活熱(re)(re)水，鼓(gu)勵使用(yong)太(tai)陽能(neng)(neng)灶等(deng)(deng)設備(bei)。四、強(qiang)化保障(zhang)措施(shi)（十(shi)六）建(jian)立完善法律法規(gui)和標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)計量體(ti)系(xi)。推(tui)(tui)動完善城(cheng)鄉建(jian)設領域碳達峰相關(guan)法律法規(gui)，建(jian)立健(jian)全(quan)碳排放(fang)管理制度，明確責任(ren)主體(ti)。建(jian)立完善節(jie)能(neng)(neng)降碳標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)計量體(ti)系(xi)，制定(ding)(ding)完善綠(lv)色建(jian)筑(zhu)、零碳建(jian)筑(zhu)、綠(lv)色建(jian)造等(deng)(deng)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)。鼓(gu)勵具備(bei)條件的(de)地(di)區制定(ding)(ding)高(gao)于(yu)國(guo)家標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)的(de)地(di)方工程建(jian)設強(qiang)制性(xing)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)和推(tui)(tui)薦性(xing)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)。各地(di)根據(ju)(ju)碳排放(fang)控(kong)制目(mu)標(biao)(biao)(biao)要(yao)求和產業結(jie)構情況，合理確定(ding)(ding)城(cheng)鄉建(jian)設領域碳排放(fang)控(kong)制目(mu)標(biao)(biao)(biao)。建(jian)立城(cheng)市、縣(xian)城(cheng)、社區、行政村、住(zhu)宅(zhai)開發項目(mu)綠(lv)色低(di)碳指標(biao)(biao)(biao)體(ti)系(xi)。完善省市公共建(jian)筑(zhu)節(jie)能(neng)(neng)監管平臺，推(tui)(tui)動能(neng)(neng)源消(xiao)費數據(ju)(ju)共享(xiang)，加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)建(jian)筑(zhu)領域計量器具配備(bei)和管理。加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)城(cheng)市、縣(xian)城(cheng)、鄉村等(deng)(deng)常住(zhu)人口調查與分析。

（十七）構建(jian)綠(lv)色(se)低碳轉(zhuan)型發展模(mo)式(shi)。以(yi)綠(lv)色(se)低碳為目標，構建(jian)縱(zong)向(xiang)到底(di)、橫(heng)向(xiang)到邊、共建(jian)共治共享發展模(mo)式(shi)，健全(quan)政府主導(dao)、群團帶(dai)動、社(she)會參與機制。建(jian)立健全(quan)"一年一體檢、五年一評估"的城市(shi)(shi)體檢評估制度。建(jian)立鄉村建(jian)設評價機制。利用(yong)建(jian)筑信(xin)息模(mo)型（BIM）技術和城市(shi)(shi)信(xin)息模(mo)型（CIM）平臺等，推(tui)動數(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)建(jian)筑、數(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)攣生城市(shi)(shi)建(jian)設，加快城鄉建(jian)設數(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)化轉(zhuan)型。大(da)力發展節(jie)能服務(wu)產業，推(tui)廣合同能源管(guan)理(li)，探索節(jie)能咨詢、診斷(duan)、設計、融資、改造、托(tuo)管(guan)等"一站式(shi)"綜合服務(wu)模(mo)式(shi)。

（十(shi)八）建立(li)產(chan)學研(yan)一(yi)體(ti)化機制。組織開展基礎研(yan)究、關(guan)(guan)鍵(jian)核心(xin)技術(shu)攻關(guan)(guan)、工程(cheng)示范和(he)產(chan)業(ye)化應用，推動科技研(yan)發(fa)、成(cheng)果轉化、產(chan)業(ye)培育(yu)協同發(fa)展。整合優化行業(ye)產(chan)學研(yan)科技資源(yuan)，推動高水平創(chuang)新團隊和(he)創(chuang)新平臺建設，加強(qiang)創(chuang)新型領軍企(qi)業(ye)培育(yu)。鼓勵支(zhi)持領軍企(qi)業(ye)聯合高校、科研(yan)院所(suo)、產(chan)業(ye)園區、金融機構等力量，組建產(chan)業(ye)技術(shu)創(chuang)新聯盟等多(duo)種形式的創(chuang)新聯合體(ti)。鼓勵高校增(zeng)設碳達峰碳中和(he)相關(guan)(guan)課程(cheng)，加強(qiang)人才隊伍建設。

（十九）完善金融財(cai)政(zheng)(zheng)支持政(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)。完善支持城(cheng)鄉建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)領(ling)域碳(tan)達峰的(de)相(xiang)關財(cai)政(zheng)(zheng)政(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)，落(luo)實(shi)稅收優惠政(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)。完善綠色(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)筑和(he)綠色(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)材政(zheng)(zheng)府采(cai)購(gou)需(xu)求標準，在政(zheng)(zheng)府采(cai)購(gou)領(ling)域推廣綠色(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)筑和(he)綠色(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)材應(ying)用(yong)。強化(hua)綠色(se)(se)金融支持，鼓勵銀行業(ye)金融機構在風險可控和(he)商業(ye)自主原則(ze)下，創新信(xin)貸產品(pin)和(he)服務支持城(cheng)鄉建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)領(ling)域節(jie)能降碳(tan)。鼓勵開發商投保(bao)全裝修(xiu)住宅質量保(bao)險，強化(hua)保(bao)險支持，發揮(hui)綠色(se)(se)保(bao)險產品(pin)的(de)風險保(bao)障作(zuo)用(yong)。合理開放城(cheng)鎮基礎(chu)設(she)(she)施投資、建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)和(he)運營市場，應(ying)用(yong)特許經營、政(zheng)(zheng)府購(gou)買(mai)服務等手(shou)段吸引社(she)會資本(ben)投入(ru)。完善差別電(dian)價、分(fen)時電(dian)價和(he)居(ju)民階(jie)梯電(dian)價政(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)，加快推進供熱計量和(he)按供熱量收費(fei)。

五、加強組織(zhi)實施

（二(er)十）加強(qiang)組織(zhi)領導(dao)。在(zai)碳(tan)達(da)峰碳(tan)中和工作領導(dao)小組領導(dao)下，住(zhu)房和城鄉(xiang)建設部、國家(jia)發展改革(ge)委等部門加強(qiang)協作，形(xing)成合力。各地區各有關部門要加強(qiang)協調，科學制定城鄉(xiang)建設領域碳(tan)達(da)峰實施細化方案，明確任務目標(biao)，制定責任清單。

（二十一）強化任(ren)(ren)務(wu)落(luo)(luo)實(shi)。各(ge)地區(qu)各(ge)有關部(bu)(bu)門要(yao)明(ming)確責任(ren)(ren)，將各(ge)項任(ren)(ren)務(wu)落(luo)(luo)實(shi)落(luo)(luo)細，及時總結(jie)好經(jing)驗好做法，扎實(shi)推進相關工作。各(ge)省（區(qu)、市）住房和城(cheng)鄉(xiang)建(jian)設、發展改(gai)革(ge)部(bu)(bu)門于每年(nian)11月底前將當年(nian)貫徹落(luo)(luo)實(shi)情況報住房和城(cheng)鄉(xiang)建(jian)設部(bu)(bu)、國家(jia)發展改(gai)革(ge)委。

（二十二）加大培訓(xun)宣傳(chuan)。將(jiang)碳(tan)(tan)達峰碳(tan)(tan)中和作為城鄉(xiang)建(jian)設領域干部培訓(xun)重要內容(rong)，提高綠(lv)色低碳(tan)(tan)發展(zhan)能力。通(tong)過業務(wu)培訓(xun)、比賽(sai)競賽(sai)、經驗交流等(deng)多種方(fang)式(shi)，提高規(gui)劃、設計、施工、運行(xing)相關單位和企(qi)業人才業務(wu)水平(ping)。加大對優秀項目、典型案例的(de)宣傳(chuan)力度，配合開展(zhan)好"全民節(jie)能行(xing)動"、"節(jie)能宣傳(chuan)周"等(deng)活動。編寫綠(lv)色生活宣傳(chuan)手冊(ce)，積極倡(chang)導(dao)綠(lv)色低碳(tan)(tan)生活方(fang)式(shi)，動員(yuan)社會各(ge)方(fang)力量參(can)與降碳(tan)(tan)行(xing)動，形成社會各(ge)界支持(chi)、群眾積極參(can)與的(de)濃厚(hou)氛(fen)圍。開展(zhan)減排(pai)自愿承諾，引導(dao)公(gong)眾自覺履行(xing)節(jie)能減排(pai)責(ze)任。